Figure 3.

CAR-T strategies for autoimmune diseases. Classic CAR-T strategies genetically modified CD4/CD8 T cells for expressing CD19 and target healthy and autoreactive B cells, thus releasing perforin and granzyme to induce cell death. CAAR-T cells are a version of classic CAR-T cells, that expresses a Chimeric Autoantibody Receptor (CAAR) directed exclusively to autoreactive B cell clones. Third strategy modified T regulatory or T cells to express FoxP3+ and to modulate the autoreactive response. SLE: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus; SSc: Systemic Sclerosis; RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis; ANCA-associated vasculitis: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody associated vasculitis. (Figure created with www.biorender.com).