FIG. 2.
LLO-induced IL-6 induction in Caco-2 cells is dependent on the pore-forming activity of recombinant protein. (A) Expression of IL-6 in Caco-2 cells. Caco-2 cells were stimulated with different doses of rLLO, cholesterol-treated rLLO [chol. (+) LLO], or rLLOW492A for 3 h, and the expression of IL-6 was analyzed by RT-PCR. The results are representative of the results of two similar experiments. (B) NF-κB activation induced by rLLO. HEK293 cells transfected with reporter vectors were stimulated with PBS or different doses of rLLO or rLLOW492A for 6 h, and NF-κB activation was assessed by the luciferase assay. The results are representative of the results of five similar experiments. The data are the means ± standard deviations for three determinations.