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. 2024 Dec 30;15:10787. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54924-5

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a CADs for O + S system, SALL4 system and OCT4 system. PO, permanently open. CO, close to open. OC, open to close. Take O + S system as reference is shown. OCT4, OCT4 system. SALL4, SALL4 system. O + S, OCT4 + SALL4 system. b Motif analysis of the SALL4, OCT4, or O + S-specific enrichment peaks at D0, D4, D7, and D10 during iPSCs induction, the peaks for each day in DsRed system as a background was removed from the peaks at D0, D4, D7 and D10 in SALL4, OCT4, and O + S system. Statistical analysis was performed using Karlin/Altschul statistics, and the -Log10(p-value) for motif is shown. OCT4, OCT4 system. SALL4, SALL4 system. O + S, OCT4 + SALL4 system. c Representative Genomic loci and genes for OCT4 + SALL4 / SALL4-Common-open peaks and OCT4 + SALL4 / OCT4-Common-close peaks. O4, OCT4 system. S4, SALL4 system. O + S, OCT4 + SALL4 system. O + S/S4-C-O, OCT4 + SALL4 / SALL4-Common-open; O + S/O4-C-C, OCT4 + SALL4 / OCT4-Common-close. d RNA-seq data shows the expression of representative genes in Fig. 5c. Data are mean ± SD. n = 2 samples for each time point from 2 independent experiments. e The iPSCs induction efficiency using Sall4, Oct4, or Oct4 + Sall4 overepressing with representative S4/O + S-common open genes (Rsk1, Esrrb and Tfap2c), O4/O + S-common open genes (Sox2) and O + S/OCT4-Common-close genes (Sbsn and Mogat2). DsRed, Sall4, Oct4, and Oct4 + Sall4 as a control are shown. Data are mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-tailed, unpaired t test; n = 6 well from 3 independent experiments. Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Mogat2, n.s. p = 0.1248925; Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Sbsn, n.s. p = 0.3742057; Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Rsk1, **p = 0.0034229; Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Tfap2c, ****p = 0.0000169; Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Esrrb, ****p = 0.0000001; Oct4 + DsRed versus Oct4 + Sox2, ****p = 0.0000007; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Mogat2, **p = 0.0077033; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4+Sbsn, *p = 0.0382438; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Rsk1, **p = 0.0019697; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Tfap2c, **p = 0.0015495; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Esrrb, ***p = 0.0001515; Sall4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Sox2, **p = 0.0012618; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Mogat2, ****p = 0.0000019; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Sbsn, ****p = 0.0000092; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Rsk1, **p = 0.0012754; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Tfap2c, ****p = 0.0000006; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Esrrb, ****p = 0.0000008; Sall4 + Oct4 + DsRed versus Sall4 + Oct4 + Sox2, ****p = 0.00000001.