Table 2.
Percent changes in the risk of onset of ACS and its subtypes per interquartile range increase in concentrations of PM2.5 total mass and its chemical constituents during different lag periods
| Pollutants | Lag | ACS | AMI | STEMI | NSTEMI | UA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 | 0 d | 2.00 (1.73, 2.26) | 2.40 (2.06, 2.74) | 2.29 (1.85, 2.73) | 2.74 (2.17, 3.31) | 1.36 (0.96, 1.76) |
| 1 d | 0.55 (0.29, 0.82) | 0.76 (0.42, 1.10) | 0.69 (0.25, 1.13) | 0.93 (0.36, 1.51) | 0.23 (−0.17, 0.63) | |
| 2 d | −0.06 (−0.33, 0.21) | 0.20 (−0.15, 0.54) | 0.26 (−0.18, 0.71) | 0.10 (−0.47, 0.68) | −0.15 (−0.56, 0.27) | |
| 3 d | −0.23 (−0.49, 0.04) | 0.00 (−0.34, 0.34) | −0.01 (−0.45, 0.43) | 0.01 (−0.56, 0.58) | −0.01 (−0.43, 0.41) | |
| Organic matter | 0 d | 2.15 (1.90, 2.41) | 2.63 (2.30, 2.97) | 2.42 (1.99, 2.85) | 3.01 (2.45, 3.56) | 1.51 (1.13, 1.90) |
| 1 d | 0.69 (0.43, 0.94) | 0.93 (0.60, 1.27) | 0.84 (0.41, 1.26) | 1.10 (0.55, 1.65) | 0.34 (−0.04, 0.73) | |
| 2 d | −0.06 (−0.31, 0.20) | 0.24 (−0.10, 0.58) | 0.28 (−0.15, 0.71) | 0.16 (−0.38, 0.72) | −0.15 (−0.55, 0.25) | |
| 3 d | −0.21 (−0.46, 0.04) | −0.07 (−0.40, 0.26) | −0.02 (−0.44, 0.40) | −0.17 (−0.71, 0.37) | 0.09 (−0.31, 0.48) | |
| Black carbon | 0 d | 2.03 (1.78, 2.28) | 2.45 (2.12, 2.78) | 2.23 (1.81, 2.65) | 2.88 (2.34, 3.43) | 1.47 (1.09, 1.85) |
| 1 d | 0.63 (0.38, 0.88) | 0.86 (0.53, 1.19) | 0.71 (0.29, 1.13) | 1.11 (0.57, 1.65) | 0.32 (−0.06, 0.71) | |
| 2 d | −0.05 (−0.30, 0.20) | 0.26 (−0.07, 0.60) | 0.35 (−0.07, 0.77) | 0.12 (−0.42, 0.66) | −0.20 (−0.59, 0.20) | |
| 3 d | 0.03 (−0.22, 0.28) | −0.02 (−0.35, 0.30) | −0.02 (−0.43, 0.40) | −0.04 (−0.57, 0.50) | −0.04 (−0.43, 0.35) | |
| Nitrate | 0 d | 1.54 (1.28, 1.80) | 1.95 (1.61, 2.29) | 1.77 (1.34, 2.21) | 2.26 (1.70, 2.83) | 1.00 (0.60, 1.40) |
| 1 d | 0.49 (0.22, 0.75) | 0.63 (0.28, 0.97) | 0.60 (0.16, 1.04) | 0.67 (0.11, 1.24) | 0.29 (−0.12, 0.69) | |
| 2 d | −0.13 (−0.39, 0.14) | 0.16 (−0.19, 0.51) | 0.13 (−0.32, 0.57) | 0.22 (−0.36, 0.79) | −0.34 (−0.77, 0.09) | |
| 3 d | −0.16 (−0.42, 0.10) | 0.16 (−0.19, 0.50) | 0.26 (−0.17, 0.70) | −0.03 (−0.59, 0.54) | −0.15 (−0.58, 0.28) | |
| Sulfate | 0 d | 1.57 (1.32, 1.81) | 1.90 (1.57, 2.22) | 1.71 (1.31, 2.13) | 2.21 (1.68, 2.74) | 1.13 (0.76, 1.51) |
| 1 d | 0.68 (0.43, 0.93) | 0.83 (0.50, 1.16) | 0.66 (0.24, 1.08) | 1.13 (0.59, 1.67) | 0.46 (0.08, 0.84) | |
| 2 d | 0.03 (−0.23, 0.28) | 0.27 (−0.07, 0.60) | 0.29 (−0.14, 0.71) | 0.23 (−0.31, 0.78) | −0.30 (−0.68, 0.09) | |
| 3 d | −0.08 (−0.33, 0.16) | 0.00 (−0.33, 0.33) | −0.05 (−0.46, 0.37) | 0.07 (−0.46, 0.61) | −0.19 (−0.57, 0.19) | |
| Ammonium | 0 d | 1.51 (1.25, 1.77) | 1.85 (1.51, 2.19) | 1.68 (1.25, 2.11) | 2.16 (1.60, 2.71) | 1.05 (0.66, 1.44) |
| 1 d | 0.41 (0.15, 0.67) | 0.55 (0.20, 0.89) | 0.52 (0.08, 0.95) | 0.60 (0.04, 1.17) | 0.21 (−0.19, 0.61) | |
| 2 d | 0.00 (−0.28, 0.28) | 0.11 (−0.23, 0.46) | 0.11 (−0.33, 0.55) | 0.12 (−0.45, 0.69) | −0.38 (−0.77, 0.01) | |
| 3 d | −0.18 (−0.44, 0.08) | 0.05 (−0.29, 0.40) | 0.10 (−0.33, 0.53) | −0.03 (−0.59, 0.53) | −0.04 (−0.47, 0.38) |
ACS acute coronary syndrome, AMI acute myocardial infarction, STEMI ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, UA unstable angina, PM2.5 fine particulate matter.