TABLE 1.

Structural parameters of polysaccharides used in this study

Compounda	Gross structure	Mw (thousands)b	DSsulfatec	Position of sulfation in the sugar unit (S = SO3−)	Sulfation pattern along the polymer chaind
Inhibitory polysaccharides
Chondroitin sulfate A (bovine trachea)	→ 4)-β-d-GlcpA-(1 → 3)-β-d-GalpNAc-(1-	50	<0.50	A: −, B: 4-S	Regular with unsulfated sequences
	[A → B]
Fucoidan (Fucus vesiculosus)	Mainly: → 2)-α-l-Fucp-(1-	180	∼0.90	Mainly 4-S-Fuc	assumed to be nearly regular
	In addition: d-Gal, d-Xyl, d-HexA
Dextran sulfate (500 kDa) (Leuconostoc spp.)	→ 6)-α-d-Glcp-(1-	500	NKe	NK	Assumed to be random
Dextran sulfate (8 kDa) (Leuconostoc spp.)	→ 6)-α-d-Glcp-(1-	8	NK	NK	Assumed to be random
λ-Carrageenan CSW-2	→ 3)-β-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-α-d-Galp-(1-	230-790	1.05	A: 70% 2-S, B: 2,6-di-S	Regular with respect to B
	[A→B]
ι-Carrageenan LP-42	→ 3)-β-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-3,6-anh-α-d-Galp-(1-	230-790	0.75	A: 4-S, B: 2-S	Regular
	[A→B]
Cellulose sulfate CS10	→ 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1-	ca. 50	1.30	44% in 2, 36% in 3, 20% in 6	Regions of high sulfate density (clustered)
Noninhibitory polysaccharides
κ-Carrageenan MB73F	→ 3)-β-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-3,6-anh-α-d-Galp-(1-	230-790	0.52	A: 4-S, B: −	Regular
	[A→B]
Cellulose sulfate CS2	→ 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1-	ca. 30	0.35	22% in 2, 19% in 3, 59% in 6	Random
Cellulose sulfate CS3	→ 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1-	NK	0.52	9% in 2, 5% in 3, 86% in 6	Random
Pectin	→ 4)-α-d-GalpA-(1-, partially methyl esterified	30-300	NK		Assumed to be random
	→ 2)-d-Rha-(1-, Ac
	Possible side chains: d-Xyl, → 5)-α-l-Araf-(1-, → 4)-β-d-Gal-(1-
Xylan polysulfate	→ 4)-[2-O-(4-O-Me-α-d-GlcpA)-Xylp]- (1 → 4)-β-d-Xylp-(1-	5.7	NK		Assumed to be random
Suramin (polysulfonated naphthylurea)f	8,8′-{Carbonylbis[imino-3,1-phenylene- carbononylimino(4-methyl-3,1-phenylene) carbonylimino]}bis-1,2,5-naphthalene- trisulfonic acid hexasodium	1.429

^aInhibitory polysaccharides inhibited adhesion of FCR3csa-infected erythrocytes to CHO-Kl cells at 100 μg/ml, while noninhibitory polysaccharides did not.

^bAs given by the supplier (dextran, xylan, chondroitin, fucoidan), calculated from the degree of polymerization of the polysaccharide before sulfation (celluloses), or reported in the literature (carrageenans).

^cAverage number of sulfated OH groups/sugar unit.

^dAll products obtained by direct chemical sulfation can be assumed to exhibit a random sulfation pattern.

^eNK, not known.

^fNonpolysaccharide.