TABLE 3.
Percentages of patients colonized with resistant Escherichia coli in the intestinal microflora during and after hospitalizationabc
| Antibiotic(s) | % Colonized ICU patients
|
% Colonized general ward patients
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Admission (n = 183) | Discharge from ICU (n = 150) | Discharge from hospital (n = 62) | 1 mo after discharge from hospital (n = 82) | 3 mos after discharge from hospital (n = 73) | Admission to general ward (n = 228) | Discharge from hospital (n = 205) | 1 mo after discharge from hospital (n = 185) | 3 mos after discharge from hospital (n = 167) | |
| Ampicillin | 10.5 | 12.7 | 22.6d | 18.1 | 22.2 | 14.6 | 13.7 | 21.1 | 17.8 |
| Piperacillin | 5.0 | 6.7 | 9.7 | 6.0 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 9.4 | 8.3 |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | 1.1 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.9 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Meropenem | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cephalothin | 2.2 | 4.0 | 8.1d | 6.0 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 8.9 |
| Cefuroxime sodium | 0.6 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
| Ceftazidime | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Gentamicin | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 2.5 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 4.4 | 2.0 | 8.1 | 10.8 | 19.4 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 16.1e | 10.8 |
a
NCCLS breakpoints were applied.
b
One isolate per patient was included, giving the most resistant result for each antibiotic.
c
The resistance frequencies were compared in pairs, using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test as applicable (P values of < 0.05 were considered significant). Significant difference for discharge from hospital versus admission to participating ICU.
e
Significant difference for 1 month after discharge from hospital versus discharge from hospital.