TABLE 1.
Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of MDR S. enterica serotype Paratyphi B isolates and comparison strainsa
| Strains | Antimicrobial resistance patternb | Isolate(s) | Source (no. of samples) | Agec of the patients (n) | Sex of the patients (n) | Date of isolation | Antibiotic and antiseptic resistance gene(s) tested by PCR | Size(s) of class I integron(s) (kb) | SGI1 junction PCR resultd
|
Ribotype (no. of isolates) | IS200 type (no. of isolates) | PFGE typec (no. of isolates) | Phage typef (no. of isolates) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left
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Right
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| thdF/int | S044/yidY | S044/int2 | |||||||||||||
| S. enterica serotype Paratyphi B strains | ASSpCTeSul | 00-1062, 00-6045, 00-7295, 00-8941, 01-2407, 01-4034, 01-4259, 01-5072, 01-5498, 01-6505, 01-9984, 01-9997, 02-0616, 02-0872, 02-0972, 02-1286, 02-1386, 02-2529, 02-3871, 02-3872, 03-0178, 02-4026, 02-4755, 02-5458, 02-6559, 02-9157, 02-9491, 02-9939, 03-8082, 03-9114, 03-9114 | Stools (30) | I (7) | M (10) | Feb 2000 to Dec 2003 | blaPSE-1, floR, sul1, aadA2, qacEΔ1 | 1.0, 1.2 | + | + | − | RP1 (30) | IP1 (31) | X1.1 (16) | RDNC [3b] (19) |
| NK (1) | II (12) | F (20) | |||||||||||||
| III (6) | NK (1) | RP6 (1) | X2 (1) | RDNC [1] (4) | |||||||||||
| IV (4) | X4 (4) | RDNC [1010] (3) | |||||||||||||
| V (2) | X5 (4) | 3b var.2 (2) | |||||||||||||
| X6 (2) | 1010 (2) | ||||||||||||||
| X7 (3) | 1 var.3 (1) | ||||||||||||||
| UT (1) | |||||||||||||||
| ASSpCTeSulTmp | 02-3609, 02-3869, 02-3870, 02-3873, 02-9684 | Stools (5) | I (1) | M (2) | June 2002 to Dec 2002 | blaTEMh, blaPSE-1, floR, sul1, aadA2, qacEΔ1 | 1.0, 1.2 | + | + | − | RP1 (5) | IP1 (5) | X1.2 (4) | RDNC [3b] (4) | |
| II (2) | F (3) | ||||||||||||||
| III (2) | X5 (1) | Not typeable (1) | |||||||||||||
| ASul | 02-1062 | Stools | IV | M | Feb 2002 | blaTEM | ND | − | − | − | RP2 | IP4 | X3 | Dundee | |
| 02-5269 | Stools | II | F | Aug 2002 | blaPSE-1, sul1, qacEΔ1 | 1.2 | + | + | − | RP1 | IP1 | X4 | 1010 | ||
| SSpSulTmpNal | 02-3201, 02-3487 | Stools (2) | IV (1) | F (2) | May 2002 to June 2002 | Negative for genes tested | ND | − | − | − | RP3 (2) | NT (2) | X8 (2) | Not typeable (2) | |
| NK (1) | |||||||||||||||
| ASulTmp | 02-5932, 03-7087 | Blood (1) | IV (2) | F (1) | Aug 2002 to Sept 2003 | blaTEM | ND | − | − | − | RP2 (2) | IP4 (2) | X3 (2) | 1 var.3 (1) | |
| Stools (1) | NK (1) | 1 var.4 (1) | |||||||||||||
| SSpTeSul | 02-3610 | Stools | II | F | June 2002 | sul1, aadA2, qacEΔ1 | 1.0 | + | + | − | RP1 | IP1 | X1.1 | RDNC [3b] | |
| SSpSul | 01-9585 | Stools | II | M | Nov 2001 | sul1, aadA2, qacEΔ1 | 1.0 | + | + | − | RP1 | IP1 | UT | 3bvar.2 | |
| SSpToGSulTmp | 02-9348 | Stools | II | M | Nov 2002 | Negative for genes tested | − | − | − | − | RP3 | IP5 | NT | Dundee | |
| ASSpSulTmpNal | 01-0582 | Stools | IV | M | Feb 2001 | blaTEM | ND | − | − | − | RP3 | IP5 | X8 | Dundee var.1 | |
| ACroTmpg | 01-7995 | Stools | II | M | Oct 2001 | blaCTX-M-15-like | ND | NT | NT | − | RP2 | IP7 | NT | Taunton | |
| Comparison strains | Susceptible | 00-2521, 02-0495, 02-3857, 02-7168, 03-1116 | Stools (5) | II (1) | F (3) | Apr 2000 to Feb 2003 | RP1 (3) | IP2 (1) | X12 (1) | Dundee (2) | |||||
| III (2) | M (2) | RP2 (2) | IP3 (2) | X13 (1) | 1 var.3 (2) | ||||||||||
| IV (2) | IP4 (1) | X14 (1) | Taunton (1) | ||||||||||||
| Paratyphi B dT+ reference | IP7 (1) | NT (2) | |||||||||||||
| strain 5K | RP4 | IP6 | X9 | NT | |||||||||||
| Paratyphi B reference strain 7K | RP5 | IP7 | X10 | NT | |||||||||||
| ASSpSulTmpNal | Paratyphi B dT+ strain 1543/01 (poultry, Germany) | RP3 | IP5 | X8 | Dundee var.1 | ||||||||||
| ASSpCTeSul | Serotype Typhimurium isolate 02-5494 | blaPSE-1, floR, sul1, aadA2, qacEΔ1 | 1.0, 1.2 | + | − | + | RP7 | IP8 | X15 | DT104 | |||||
Abbreviations: ND, none detected; NT, not tested; NK, not known.
Abbreviations for resistance patterns: A, amoxicillin; Cro, ceftriaxone; S, streptomycin; Sp, spectinomycin; To, tobramycin; G, gentamicin; C, chloramphenicol; Te, tetracycline; Sul, sulfonamides; Tmp, trimethroprim; Nal, nalidixic acid.
Age group I, <1 yr; II, 1 to 5 yr; III, 6 to 14 yr; IV, 15 to 64 yr; V, >65 yr.
+, product obtained with primers specific for the indicated genes; −, no product obtained.
UT, untypeable (lysis).
RDNC, react but does not conform (phage type group shown in brackets).
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolate.
No product was obtained with blaTEM primers for isolate 02-9684.