Fig. 4.

DNA damage plays an important role in radiation-induced immune activation. A Schematic representation of irradiated tumor cells inducing maturation of murine bone marrow-derived DCs. Flow peak of a proportion of CD86⁺ CD80⁺ DC in each group. The proportion of CD86⁺ CD80⁺ DC in each group. Flow cytometric analysis of CD86⁺ CD80⁺ DC in each group. n = 6. B Levels of dsDNA in culture supernatant and cytoplasm of tumor cells in each group. C Expression and quantification of DNA damage and repair proteins. D Expression and quantification of cGAS-STING pathway proteins. E Expression and quantification of DAMPs. F Relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 in the supernatants after different treatments. ns indicates no statistical difference. ^*, P < 0.05. ^**, P < 0.01. ^***, P < 0.001. The statistical test was performed using One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test