Inhibition of Gag nuclear export by dominant-negative mutants of nuclear pore proteins. (A) Cells were cotransfected with Gag.FL-GFP and either pDsRed.N1 or the DsRed constructs expressing the isolated NP domains from Nup98, Nup214, or Nup153 (63). Expression of the dominant-negative forms of Nup98 and Nup214 relocalize Gag to the cytoplasm, while the NP domain of Nup153 or the DsRed protein alone do not alter the steady-state distribution of Gag. (B) Cells expressing both Gag-GFP.FL and the DsRed protein either unconjugated or conjugated to the isolated NP domains were scored for the distribution of Gag-GFP to either the cytoplasm exclusively (thin hatched bars), both the nucleus and cytosol (black bars), or a predominant accumulation within the nucleus (thick hatched bars). Bars represent at least 200 cells from three independent experiments.