TABLE 3.
Ranking of regimens to treat latent TB infection in the paucibacillary mouse model and correspondence with clinical guidelinesa
| Regimen | Clinically recommended duration for treatment of latent TB infection (166–168) | % of mice with positive M. tuberculosis cultures 3 months after completing the indicated treatment duration (146, 148) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 months | 3 months | 4 months | 6 months | ||
| INH | 9 months | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
| RIF | 3–4 months | 100 | 87 | 30–46 | |
| RIF+INH | 3 months | 93 | 54 | ||
| RPT+INH (1/7)b | 3 months | 87 | 47 | ||
| RIF+PZAc | 2 months | 60 | 0 | ||
a
For comparison purposes, treatment durations producing treatment success in ∼50% of mice are in bold font. Abbreviations: INH, isoniazid; PZA, pyrazinamide; RIF, rifampin; RPT, rifapentine.
b
(1/7) indicates once weekly treatment; all other regimens are daily (5 to 7 days per week).
c
The RIF+PZA regimen is no longer clinically recommended due to excessive hepatotoxicity (142).