TABLE 4.

Univariable and multivariable linear regressions to determine the differences in the health state utility impact of COVID‐19‐related adversity.

Linear regressions with health state utility as the outcome
	Univariable		Multivariable
	Coefficient [95% CI]		Coefficient [95% CI]
Two‐group comparison:
General population	0.000	(Reference)	0.000	(Reference)
Multiple sclerosis	−0.041	[−0.060, −0.022]	−0.050	[−0.070, −0.030]
General population + COVID‐19‐related adversity	−0.148	[−0.173, −0.122]	−0.150	[−0.175, −0.124]
Multiple sclerosis + COVID‐19‐related adversity	−0.168	[−0.187, −0.148]	−0.179	[−0.200, −0.158]
Test for interaction between COVID‐19‐related adversity and multiple sclerosis	p = 0.200 for Wald test

	Univariable		Multivariable
	Coefficient [95% CI]		Coefficient [95% CI]
Three‐group comparison:
General population without chronic diseases	0.000	(Reference)	0.000	(Reference)
General population without chronic diseases + COVID‐19‐related adversity	−0.119	[−0.164, −0.075]	−0.119	[−0.163, −0.075]
General population with chronic diseases	−0.152	[−0.180, −0.124]	−0.148	[−0.176, −0.120]
General population with chronic diseases + COVID‐19‐related adversity	−0.291	[−0.325, −0.257]	−0.287	[−0.321, −0.254]
Multiple sclerosis	−0.131	[−0.156, −0.107]	−0.143	[−0.169, −0.117]
Multiple sclerosis + COVID‐19‐related adversity	−0.257	[−0.284, −0.232]	−0.271	[−0.298, −0.245]
Test for interaction between COVID‐19‐related adversity and general population with chronic disease	p = 0.463 for Wald test
Test for interaction between COVID‐19‐related adversity and multiple sclerosis	p = 0.710 for Wald test

Note: Tests for interaction utilized results obtained through multivariable regression. All multivariable regressions were adjusted for age, sex, education, and socioeconomic index. All bolded results were significant at an α = 0.001 level.