Table 5.

Hypotheses testing results.

Hypothesis	Standardized path coefficient	p-value	Result
H1. Perceived ease of use has a positive effect on perceived usefulness.	0.277	<0.001	Supported
H2. Perceived usefulness has a positive effect on attitude of VR content.	0.379	<0.001	Supported
H3. Perceived usefulness has a positive effect on attitude of using VR hardware.	0.257	<0.001	Supported
H4. Perceived usefulness has a positive effect on the intention to use.	0.164	<0.001	Supported
H5. Perceived ease of use has a positive effect on attitude of VR content.	0.086	0.074	Not supported
H6. Perceived ease of use has a positive effect on attitude of using VR hardware.	0.132	0.013	Supported
H7. Attitude of VR content has a positive effect on the intention to use.	0.175	<0.001	Supported
H8. Attitude of using VR hardware has a positive effect on the intention to use.	0.148	0.001	Supported
H9. Subjective norm has a positive effect on intention to use.	0.275	<0.001	Supported
H10. Perceived behavioral control has a positive effect on intention to use.	0.482	<0.001	Supported
H11. Intention to use has a positive effect on actual usage.	0.588	<0.001	Supported
H12. Risk perception has a positive effect on attitude of using VR content.	0.177	0.001	Supported
H13. Risk perception has a positive effect on attitude of using VR hardware.	0.129	0.029	Supported
H14. Risk perception has a positive effect on the intention to use.	0.138	0.002	Supported
H15. Safety climate has a positive effect on perceived usefulness.	0.253	<0.001	Supported
H16. Safety climate has a positive effect on attitude of using VR content.	0.178	<0.001	Supported
H17. Safety climate has a positive effect on attitude of using VR hardware.	0.105	0.072	Not supported
H18. Safety climate has a positive effect on risk perception.	0.466	<0.001	Supported
H19. Self-efficacy has a positive effect on perceived ease of use.	0.371	<0.001	Supported