Table 3.
Comparison of socio-demographic and clinical variables among different health-related quality of life profiles.
| Variables | Class 1 | Class 2 | Class 3 | F/χ2/H | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD | 59.59 ± 11.75 | 56.93 ± 11.55 | 50.71 ± 8.19 | 3.935a | 0.022 |
| Gender, N (%) | 1.298b | 0.523 | |||
| Male | 26 (28.3%) | 13 (28.9%) | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| Female | 66 (71.7%) | 32 (71.1%) | 12 (85.7%) | ||
| Marital status, N (%) | 1.946b | 0.378 | |||
| Married | 77 (83.7%) | 41 (91.1%) | 13 (92.9%) | ||
| Single/Divorced/Widowed | 15 (16.3%) | 4 (8.9%) | 1 (7.1%) | ||
| Educational level, N (%) | 10.114b | 0.039 | |||
| Primary school or below | 50 (54.3%) | 13 (28.9%) | 5 (35.7%) | ||
| Junior high school | 26 (28.3%) | 18 (40.0%) | 7 (50.0%) | ||
| Senior high school or above | 16 (17.4%) | 14 (31.1%) | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| Income, N (%) | 5.755b | 0.218 | |||
| < 2000 | 59 (64.1%) | 23 (51.1%) | 6 (42.9%) | ||
| 2000 ~ 4,000 | 23 (25.0%) | 19 (42.2%) | 6 (42.9%) | ||
| > 4,000 | 10 (10.9%) | 3 (6.7%) | 2 (14.3%) | ||
| Medication use, N (%) | |||||
| cDMARDs (yes) | 47 (51.1%) | 24 (53.3%) | 9 (64.3%) | 0.853b | 0.653 |
| b/tsDMARDs (yes) | 19 (20.7%) | 11 (24.4%) | 3 (21.4%) | 0.252b | 0.881 |
| Traditional Chinese medicine (yes) | 63 (68.5%) | 30 (66.7%) | 7 (50.0%) | 1.773b | 0.412 |
| Symptom duration (years), median (IQR) | 6.00 (15.25) | 7.00 (12.50) | 9.50 (14.00) | 0.444c | 0.801 |
| Diagnosis duration (years), median (IQR) | 4.00 (13.50) | 3.00 (13.00) | 9.00 (16.50) | 0.675c | 0.714 |
| Disease activity, mean ± SD | 23.94 ± 10.75 | 21.20 ± 11.29 | 15.29 ± 8.43 | 4.300a | 0.015 |
| Physical function, median (IQR) | 1.38 (1.63) | 0.38 (0.63) | 0 (0.28) | 45.633c | <0.001 |
| Self-efficacy, mean ± SD | 4.34 ± 1.82 | 5.25 ± 2.18 | 5.77 ± 2.35 | 5.188a | 0.007 |
| HRQoL | |||||
| PF, mean ± SD | 39.72 ± 26.49 | 67.11 ± 23.66 | 78.21 ± 21.36 | 26.416a | <0.001 |
| RP, median (IQR) | 0 (0) | 0 (25) | 100 (31.25) | 86.748c | <0.001 |
| RE, median (IQR) | 0 (0) | 33.30 (66.70) | 100 (41.65) | 53.636c | <0.001 |
| VT, mean ± SD | 47.61 ± 18.09 | 72.00 ± 14.59 | 81.43 ± 15.25 | 46.400a | <0.001 |
| MH, mean ± SD | 47.40 ± 17.27 | 73.42 ± 16.58 | 78.86 ± 22.92 | 43.558a | <0.001 |
| SF, mean ± SD | 34.84 ± 20.04 | 85.83 ± 15.90 | 91.07 ± 19.87 | 137.911a | <0.001 |
| BP, mean ± SD | 24.57 ± 17.48 | 39.22 ± 16.06 | 52.50 ± 20.33 | 22.078a | <0.001 |
| GH, mean ± SD | 29.40 ± 14.00 | 51.00 ± 17.04 | 58.21 ± 19.18 | 41.987a | <0.001 |
HRQoL, health-related quality of life; PF, physical functioning; RP, role-physical; BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; VT, vitality; SF, social functioning; RE, role-emotional; MH, mental health. Bold indicates p < 0.05.
a
one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
b
χ2 test.
c
Kruskal-Wallis test.