Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and clinical features of patients between good and poor outcome groups.
| Variables | Total (n = 423) |
Good outcome (n = 168) |
Poor outcome (n = 255) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 68.00 (57.00, 76.00) | 64.00 (55.00, 71.25) | 70.00 (59.00, 78.00) | <0.001 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 281 (66.43) | 116 (69.05) | 165 (64.71) | 0.355 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 148 (34.99) | 68 (40.48) | 80 (31.37) | 0.055 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 93 (21.99) | 41 (24.40) | 52 (20.39) | 0.330 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 15.00 (11.00, 19.00) | 13.00 (8.00, 16.00) | 17.00 (13.00, 20.00) | <0.001 |
| Baseline GCS score | 12.00 (9.00, 14.00) | 14.00 (11.00, 15.00) | 11.00 (8.00, 14.00) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 148.00 (133.00, 164.00) | 148.00 (133.00, 162.00) | 149.00 (132.50, 166.00) | 0.641 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 87.00 (77.00, 97.00) | 87.00 (76.75, 97.25) | 88.00 (77.00, 96.00) | 0.917 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 126 (29.79) | 42 (25.00) | 84 (32.94) | 0.081 |
| Hypertension | 291 (68.79) | 110 (65.48) | 181 (70.98) | 0.232 |
| Dyslipidemia | 101 (23.88) | 50 (29.76) | 51 (20.00) | 0.021 |
| Prior stroke or TIA | 66 (15.60) | 24 (14.29) | 42 (16.47) | 0.545 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 173 (40.90) | 57 (33.93) | 116 (45.49) | 0.018 |
| Coronary artery disease | 52 (12.29) | 16 (9.52) | 36 (14.12) | 0.159 |
| Valvular heart disease | 53 (12.53) | 19 (11.31) | 34 (13.33) | 0.538 |
| Stroke etiology, n (%) | 0.209 | |||
| Large-artery atherosclerosis | 220 (52.01) | 96 (57.14) | 124 (48.63) | |
| Cardioembolism | 183 (43.26) | 64 (38.10) | 119 (46.67) | |
| Other determined etiology | 20 (4.73) | 8 (4.76) | 12 (4.71) | |
| Occluded vessel, n (%) | ||||
| Anterior circulation | 356 (84.16) | 142 (84.52) | 214 (83.92) | 0.868 |
| Posterior circulation | 72 (17.02) | 25 (14.88) | 47 (18.43) | 0.342 |
| Treatment characteristics | ||||
| Intravenous thrombolysis, n (%) | 173 (40.90) | 72 (42.86) | 101 (39.61) | 0.506 |
| Onset-to-puncture time, min | 378.00 (263.50, 595.00) | 368.50 (233.75, 661.25) | 385.00 (275.00, 579.00) | 0.457 |
| Puncture-to-recanalization time, min | 98.00 (61.00, 155.50) | 94.50 (54.75, 141.50) | 100.00 (67.50, 165.00) | 0.060 |
| Onset-to-recanalization time, min | 499.00 (363.00, 737.50) | 494.00 (319.50, 755.25) | 500.00 (377.50, 723.50) | 0.422 |
| Number of thrombectomy attempts | 2.00 (1.00, 2.00) | 1.00 (1.00, 2.00) | 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) | 0.001 |
| mTICI score 2b-3, n (%) | 163 (38.53) | 73 (43.45) | 90 (35.29) | 0.092 |
| Thrombectomy technique, n (%) | ||||
| Stent retriever | 105 (24.82) | 43 (25.60) | 62 (24.31) | 0.765 |
| Aspiration | 24 (5.67) | 9 (5.36) | 15 (5.88) | 0.819 |
| Combined | 260 (61.47) | 104 (61.90) | 156 (61.18) | 0.880 |
| Clinical outcomes and complications, n (%) | ||||
| Discharge mRS score | 4.00 (2.00, 5.00) | 2.00 (1.00, 3.00) | 5.00 (4.00, 5.00) | <0.001 |
| 90-day mRS score | 3.00 (1.00, 5.00) | 1.00 (0.00, 2.00) | 4.00 (4.00, 6.00) | <0.001 |
| Hemorrhage transformation | 197 (46.57) | 51 (30.36) | 146 (57.25) | <0.001 |
| Malignant cerebral edema | 55 (13.00) | 0 (0.00) | 55 (21.57) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital mortality | 43 (10.17) | 0 (0.00) | 43 (16.86) | <0.001 |
| 90-day mortality | 86 (20.33) | 0 (0.00) | 86 (33.73) | <0.001 |
Bold p-values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; TIA, Transient Ischemic Attack; mTICI, modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.