Fig. 12. Advanced applications of quantum OAM metrology.

a Enhanced precision in physical quantity measurements through OAM quantum states, achieving superior accuracy and sensitivity. b Quantum OAM metrology for advanced detection and imaging of living tissues. c Interaction of OAM beams with particles, enabling precise control and manipulation at microscopic scales. d Generation of high-resolution holography using entangled photon pairs, enhancing imaging techniques in terms of depth and clarity. e Utilization of the HOM effect for precise quantum state discrimination, advancing quantum computing and information processing capabilities. f Detailed study and characterization of complex quantum communication channels, which enhances the understanding of quantum information transfer mechanisms. References are given in the insets