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. 2025 Jan 2;44:2. doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03269-4

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — SERPINE1-mediated GC-derived exosomal let-7 g-5p facilitates macrophage M2 polarization through STAT3 hyperphosphorylation resulting from inhibition of SOCS7 interactions with STAT3. (A) Differential miRNA analysis of exosomes derived from MKN45 cells with stably silenced SERPINE1 and normal MKN45 cells using sRNA-Seq. N, normal group. sh, stably silenced SERPINE1. (B) Venn diagram of target genes predicted by miRDB, miRWalk, and miRTarBase for let-7 g-5p. (C) Network of target genes that interact with STAT3. (D) KEGG pathway analysis of the 78 target genes of let-7 g-5p using DAVID. (E) Schematic representation: exosomal let-7 g-5p ingested by macrophages inhibits SOCS7 interaction with STAT3, resulting in STAT3 hyperphosphorylation. (F) Flow cytometric assay of the impact of let-7 g-5p on M2 polarization induced by exosomes derived from GC cells. (G) Western blotting analysis for the levels of SOCS7 protein and STAT3 phosphorylation in macrophages treated with exosomes and antagomir-let-7 g-5p. (H and I) Endogenous CoIP assay for SOCS7 and STAT3 in macrophages ingesting exosomes derived from normal MKN45 cells. (J) Western blotting analysis of SOCS7 protein levels in xenograft tumors