Table 1. Sociodemographic features, outcomes of HF cohort.
| Variable | Total Cohort (N = 3625) |
Female (N = 2730, 75.31%) |
Male (N = 895, 24.69%) |
p value(1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic features | ||||
| Age (median [IQR]) | 84 [10] | 85 [10] | 82 [12] | <0.001 |
| Aged > 80 years (n,%) | 2457, 67.8% | 1937, 71.0% | 520, 58.1% | <0.001 |
| PRCF resident (n,%) | 1208, 33.3% | 950, 34.8% | 258, 28.8% | 0.001 |
| Smoker (n,%) | 180, 5.0% | 124, 4.5% | 56, 6.3% | 0.050 |
| Alcohol overuse (n,%) ( 2 ) | 144, 4.0% | 60, 2.2% | 84, 9.4% | <0.001 |
| Walking aids user (n,%) | 1300, 35.9% | 999, 36.6% | 301, 33.6% | 0.116 |
| Comorbidities features | ||||
| HTN, (n,%) | 2045, 56.4% | 1606, 58.8% | 439, 49.1% | <0.001 |
| Anaemia (n,%) | 1531, 42.2% | 1051, 38.5% | 480, 53.6% | <0.001 |
| CKD (n,%) | 1444, 39.9% | 1106, 40.5% | 338, 37.8% | 0.152 |
| Dementia (n,%) | 1117, 30.8% | 858, 31.4% | 259, 28.9% | 0.172 |
| CAD (n,%) | 1073, 29.6% | 750, 27.5% | 323, 36.1% | <0.001 |
| History of AMI (n,%) | 287, 7.9% | 191, 7.0% | 96, 10.7% | <0.001 |
| AF (n,%) | 702, 19.4% | 513, 18.8% | 189, 21.1% | 0.139 |
| COPD (n,%) | 561, 15.5% | 385, 14.1% | 176, 19.7% | <0.001 |
| T2DM (n,%) | 482, 13.3% | 325, 11.9% | 157, 17.5% | <0.001 |
| OP (n,%) | 478, 13.2% | 410, 15.0% | 68, 7.6% | <0.001 |
| CVA (n,%) | 431, 11.9% | 323, 11.8% | 108, 12.1% | 0.897 |
| TIA (n,%) | 309, 8.5% | 227, 8.3% | 82, 9.2% | 0.474 |
| PD (n,%) | 172, 4.7% | 97, 3.6% | 75, 8.4% | <0.001 |
| Malignancy (n,%) | 82, 2.3% | 52, 1.9% | 30, 3.4% | 0.017 |
| PTH>6.8pmol/L | 1684, 46.5% | 1275, 46.7% | 409, 45.7% | 0.628 |
| 25(OH)vitamin D≤25nmol/L | 610, 16.8% | 467, 17.1% | 143, 16.0% | 0.464 |
| 25(OH)vitamin D≤50nmol/L | 1659, 45.8% | 1235, 45.2% | 424, 47.4% | 0.283 |
| Outcome | ||||
| Died (n,%) | 189, 5.2% | 130, 4.8% | 59, 6.6% | 0.040 |
1Pearson’s Chi-squared test (Yates corrected).
2Use>3 times a week.
Abbreviations: PRCF, permanent residential care facility; HTN, hypertension; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; AF, atrial fibrillation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; OP, osteoporosis; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PTH, parathyroid hormone.