FIGURE 3.

The schematic illustration of mRNA‐loading mechanisms. (A) The stable nanoparticles can be formed with negatively charged mRNA and positively charged polymers or lipids. (B) The mRNA can coordinate with metal ions and self‐assembly form spherical nanoparticles while retaining the integrity and biological function of RNA. (C) Furthermore, a novel class of nucleobase‐lipids termed DXBAs enables them to bind to oligonucleotides via the H‐bonding (principle of complementary base pairing) and p‐p stacking with reduced toxicity in vitro and in vivo.