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. 2025 Jan 2;15:141. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84103-x

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Effect of maize, soybean, and sweet potato feeding on the pupal weight and pupation rate of S. frugiperda. The data are presented as the mean ± SE. Different lowercase letters above the error bars indicate a significant difference by Duncan’s multiple range test (P < 0.05).