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. 2025 Jan 2;16:310. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55555-6

Fig. 2. Recognition mechanism of the endogenous apelin-13 by APJR and comparison to ELA binding mode.

Fig. 2

a Binding pose of aplein-13. Apelin-13 is shown in orange sticks. ProtAAP13 is shown as blue cartoon. b, c Key residues in the apelin-13 binding pocket in APJR. Apelin-13 residues are labeled in orange. Hydrophobic interactions with F13 of apelin-13 (b). Residues interacting with M11 of apelin-13 (c). d Effects of key residue mutations on Gi-protein signaling in the apelin-13 binding pocket of APJR, measured by Glo-Sensor cAMP assay. Heatmap is generated on the basis of the ΔpEC50 (ΔpEC50  =  pEC50 of mutant − pEC50 of WT APJR) for either apelin-13 or ELA. Each column represents the data of an independent replicate (n = 3). The corresponding data are shown in Supplementary Table 2. “ND” indicates no detectable signal. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.