Table 2.
Characteristics of participants (N = 1423), stratified by sex among overweight or obesity
| Variables | Boys (N = 715) | Girls (N = 708) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-OB | OB | P value | Non-OB | OB | P value | |
| N (%) | 412(57.62) | 303(42.38) | 463(65.40) | 245(34.60) | ||
| Age (years) | 12.68 ± 3.24 | 12.24 ± 2.90 | 0.063 | 12.53 ± 3.19 | 12.54 ± 2.92 | 0.956 |
| Height (cm) | 156.95 ± 17.91 | 156.24 ± 16.09 | 0.581 | 151.22 ± 13.98 | 152.29 ± 12.14 | 0.310 |
| Weight (kg) | 45.78 ± 15.27 | 61.57 ± 21.59 | < 0.001 | 41.85 ± 11.98 | 58.91 ± 16.96 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 17.93 ± 2.59 | 24.36 ± 4.53 | < 0.001 | 17.84 ± 2.59 | 24.8 ± 4.21 | < 0.001 |
| Body fat mass (kg) | ||||||
| Trunk fat mass | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 2.38 ± 0.94 | < 0.001 | 1.47 ± 0.56 | 2.62 ± 0.92 | < 0.001 |
| Leg fat mass | 3.78 ± 1.35 | 7.69 ± 3.16 | < 0.001 | 4.91 ± 1.77 | 8.42 ± 2.91 | < 0.001 |
| Android fat mass | 0.47 ± 0.30 | 1.61 ± 0.95 | < 0.001 | 0.63 ± 0.34 | 1.59 ± 0.71 | < 0.001 |
| Gynoid fat mass | 1.56 ± 0.64 | 3.37 ± 1.45 | < 0.001 | 2.21 ± 0.93 | 3.87 ± 1.44 | < 0.001 |
| Body fat percentage (%) | ||||||
| Trunk fat percentage | 25.53 ± 8.36 | 37.75 ± 8.67 | < 0.001 | 35.16 ± 5.87 | 43.90 ± 6.03 | < 0.001 |
| Leg fat percentage | 24.03 ± 7.20 | 34.36 ± 7.29 | < 0.001 | 32.04 ± 4.90 | 38.82 ± 4.92 | < 0.001 |
| Android fat percentage | 17.18 ± 7.08 | 37.39 ± 8.85 | < 0.001 | 24.21 ± 7.33 | 40.60 ± 6.91 | < 0.001 |
| Gynoid fat percentage | 23.47 ± 7.24 | 35.77 ± 6.85 | < 0.001 | 32.82 ± 5.43 | 41.03 ± 4.39 | < 0.001 |
| Blood pressure level (mmHg) | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 114.48 ± 12.48 | 122.33 ± 14.12 | < 0.001 | 111.1 ± 10.82 | 118.79 ± 12.67 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 66.96 ± 7.35 | 69.14 ± 7.70 | < 0.001 | 67.85 ± 7.49 | 70.63 ± 8.57 | < 0.001 |
| Blood pressure status (%) | ||||||
| Normal blood pressure | 338(82.04) | 161(53.14) | < 0.001 | 383(82.72) | 159(64.90) | < 0.001 |
| High blood pressure | 74(17.96) | 142(46.86) | 80(17.28) | 86(35.10) | ||
| Life behaviors | ||||||
| Daily sleeping time (h) | 8.00 ± 1.23 | 8.00 ± 1.17 | 0.624 | 8.00 ± 1.33 | 8.00 ± 1.22 | 0.325 |
| Daily middle and high physical activity (h) | 1.00 ± 0.89 | 0.88 ± 0.81 | 0.063 | 0.76 ± 0.67 | 0.73 ± 0.65 | 0.675 |
| Daily fruit consumption (serving) | 1.16 ± 0.90 | 1.18 ± 0.92 | 0.739 | 1.26 ± 0.99 | 1.31 ± 0.83 | 0.501 |
| Daily vegetable consumption (serving) | 1.79 ± 1.30 | 1.83 ± 1.34 | 0.733 | 1.84 ± 1.27 | 1.94 ± 1.19 | 0.332 |
| Daily meat consumption (serving) | 9.71 ± 7.58 | 10.02 ± 6.73 | 0.589 | 8.37 ± 5.65 | 8.65 ± 5.00 | 0.517 |
| Daily SSB consumption (serving) | 2.67 ± 4.55 | 2.13 ± 3.30 | 0.088 | 1.90 ± 2.63 | 2.13 ± 3.22 | 0.305 |
| Family income | ||||||
| Below 8000 yuan | 48(12.66) | 46(16.14) | 0.441 | 63(14.52) | 38(16.31) | 0.374 |
| 8000–18,000 yuan | 153(40.37) | 109(38.25) | 162(37.33) | 96(41.20) | ||
| Above 18,000 yuan | 178(46.97) | 130(45.61) | 209(48.16) | 99(42.49) | ||
| Smoking | ||||||
| Yes | 7(1.82) | 5(1.74) | 0.938 | 0(0.00) | 0(0.00) | |
| No | 377(98.18) | 282(98.26) | 441(100.00) | 239(100.00) | ||
| Drinking | ||||||
| Yes | 14(3.65) | 5(1.74) | 0.141 | 5(1.13) | 4(1.67) | 0.556 |
| No | 370(96.35) | 282(98.26) | 436(98.87) | 235(98.33) | ||
OB: overweight and obesity; BMI: body mass index
SSB: sugar-sweetened beverage; One serving of SSBs is approximately 250 mL. One serving of meat is approximately 50 g