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. 2025 Jan 3;20(1):e0315495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315495

Table 1. Socio demographic characteristics of youths (N = 7,122).

Characteristic Overall Percentage
N = 7122 (%)
Age
    15–19 years 3,627 51
    20–24 years 3,495 49
Sex
    Male 1,842 26
    Female 5,280 74
Residence
    Rural 2,205 31
    Urban 4,917 69
Ecological Region
    Mountain 355 5
    Hill 2,740 38
    Terai 4,028 57
Province
    Koshi 1,166 16
    Madhesh 1,648 23
    Bagmati 1,423 20
    Gandaki 586 8.2
    Lumbini 1,192 17
    Karnali 478 6.7
    Sudurpashchim 630 8.8
Religion
    Buddhist 473 6.6
    Christian 215 3
    Hindu 5,862 82
    Muslim 399 5.6
    Others 174 2.4
Ethnicity
    Dalits 1,149 16
    Janajati 2,439 34
    Muslim 394 5.5
    Other Terai caste 1,200 17
    Upper Caste Groups 1,941 27
Education
    No education 410 5.8
    Basic 2,287 32
    Secondary 4,271 60
    Higher 154 2.2
Occupation
    Agriculture 373 5.2
    Clerical 116 1.6
    Not working 2,901 40.7
    Professional/technical/managerial 310 4.3
    Sales 451 6.3
    Skilled manual 469 6.5
    Unskilled manual 484 6.8
    Unknown 2018 28.3
Family members
    1–2 members 525 7.3
    3–5 members 2,458 34.5
    6 or more members 2,715 38.1
    Unknown 1423 19.9
Wealth Quintile
    Poor 2,730 38.3
    Middle 1,414 19.8
    Rich 2,978 41.8
Use of Media
    No 1,336 19
    Yes 5,786 81
Use of internet
    No 1,305 18
    Yes 5,817 82
Current Smoking
    No 6,612 93
    Yes 510 7.2
Use of Smokeless products
    No 6,691 94
    Yes 431 6
Alcohol Consumption
    No 6,270 88
    Yes 712 10
    Unknown 140 1.9
Premarital Sex (N = 4426)
    Yes 462 10.4
    No 3964 89.6
Multiple Sex Partners (N = 1,842)
    Yes 51 2.8
    No 1791 97.2
Recent Sexual Activity (N = 1,842)
    Yes 278 15
    No 1564 85