Fig. 6. Schematic overview of the role of DNR1 in driving the divergent responses of indica and japonica rice to elevated CO₂.

Rising CO₂ concentrations increase photosynthesis and rice yields by affecting a range of genes involved in uptake, transport, and assimilation of nitrate, which in turn are regulated by DNR1. +, ++, −, and -- indicate positive, strongly positive, negative, and strongly negative, respectively.