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. 2024 Dec 12;30:101400. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101400

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© 2024 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 6 — MPN biointerace-mediated cell regulation of macrophages, osteoblasts, and VECs. (a) Regulation of macrophage polarization by MPNs. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [79]. Copyright 2023 ACS Nano. (b) Regulation mechanisms of macrophage polarization by MPNs. (c) Promoting osteoblasts differentiation and inhibiting osteoclasts differentiation. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [177]. Copyright 2023 Biomaterials. (d) Regulation mechanisms of osteoblasts promotion and osteoclasts inhibition. (e) Promotion of VECs migration. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [182]. Copyright 2024 Adv Healthcare Mater. (f) Regulation mechanisms of promoting VECs angiogenesis.