Table 2.
Sarcopenia and its components in male and female participants stratified by serum 25(OH)D levels.
| Males (n = 211) |
Females (n = 157) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (n = 73) | Q2 (n = 68) | Q3 (n = 70) | P value | Q1 (n = 52) | Q2 (n = 53) | Q3 (n = 52) | P value | |
| Calf circumference (cm) | 34.35 ± 3.40 | 34.40 ± 3.13 | 34.61 ± 3.22 | 0.966 | 34.54 ± 2.83 | 33.11 ± 3.39 | 33.68 ± 3.13 | 0.048 |
| HGS (kg) | 29.20 ± 6.81 | 29.48 ± 7.27 | 28.03 ± 6.49 | 0.356 | 22.76 ± 4.70 | 21.80 ± 4.05 | 23.46 ± 5.92 | 0.404 |
| Low HGS (%) | 29 (39.7) | 28 (41.2) | 37 (52.9) | 0.228 | 7 (13.5) | 14 (26.4) | 8 (15.4) | 0.181 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 7.36 ± 0.67 | 7.47 ± 0.74 | 7.41 ± 0.73 | 0.657 | 6.53 ± 1.28 | 6.78 ± 1.07 | 6.82 ± 1.19 | 0.467 |
| 6-meter gait speed (m/s) | 1.04 ± 0.21 | 1.06 ± 0.17 | 1.07 ± 0.19 | 0.617 | 0.96 ± 0.20 | 0.96 ± 0.22 | 1.03 ± 0.22 | 0.234 |
| Time to complete 5 sit-to-stand movements (s) | 15.95 ± 3.22 | 15.43 ± 3.91 | 16.33 ± 5.71 | 0.534 | 16.41 ± 3.89 | 16.06 ± 3.37 | 15.98 ± 2.67 | 0.986 |
| SPPB ≤ 9 points (n, %) | 22 (30.1) | 16 (23.5) | 23 (32.9) | 0.463 | 29 (55.8) | 24 (45.3) | 29 (55.8) | 0.461 |
| Sarcopenia (%) | 22 (30.1) | 18 (26.5) | 22 (31.4) | 0.803 | 8 (15.4) | 3 (5.7) | 6 (11.5) | 0.271 |
Male participants were divided into Q1 group (25(OH)D ≤ 35.80 ng/ml, n = 73), Q2 group (35.80 ng/ml < 25(OH)D ≤ 45.52 ng/ml, n = 68) and Q3 group (25(OH)D > 45.52 ng/ml, n = 70). Female participants were divided into Q1 group (25(OH)D ≤ 24.72 ng/ml, n = 52), Q2 group (24.72 ng/ml < 25(OH)D ≤ 30.94 ng/ml, n = 53) and Q3 group (25(OH)D > 30.94 ng/ml, n = 52).
Q, quartile; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; HGS, handgrip strength; SMI, skeletal muscle index; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery.