Table 2.

ICP-OES quantitative evaluation of 23 phyto-minerals in moringa leaf extract.

Elements (mg/100g)	Extraction Methods				SE(d)	Cd (5 %)
	E1	E2	E3	E4
Al	59.26 ± 0.83	51.83 ± 0.38	64.70 ± 1.49	61.05 ± 0.91	7.783	NS
Cd	4.55 ± 0.064b	4.35 ± 0.041c	5.15 ± 0.157a	4.64 ± 0.034b	0.076	0.165
Ca	1810.07 ± 41.59ab	1729.99 ± 38.84c	1843.96 ± 20.07a	1787.92 ± 30.41b	24.06	52.43
Cr	44.46 ± 0.99a	41.64 ± 0.14b	45.41 ± 0.77a	45.16 ± 0.21a	0.850	1.853
Cu	28.79 ± 0.49bc	27.58 ± 0.05c	30.26 ± 0.98a	29.41 ± 0.80ab	0.60	1.32
Fe	290.32 ± 6.32d	329.69 ± 10.54c	504.72 ± 5.83a	419.98 ± 7.71b	5.02	10.94
Pb	8.29 ± 0.13b	6.78 ± 0.12c	8.79 ± 0.14a	8.65 ± 0.21a	0.12	0.26
Mg	2552.00 ± 51.12a	2351.18 ± 44.79b	2571.55 ± 15.74a	2545.15 ± 31.17a	26.07	56.80
Mn	54.13 ± 0.19b	50.80 ± 1.48c	56.83 ± 0.38a	55.22 ± 0.03b	0.57	1.24
Mo	11472.76 ± 263.65a	9419.34 ± 288.40b	11480.39 ± 117.17a	11457.41 ± 241.66a	131.49	286.51
P	84.48 ± 2.24b	79.44 ± 0.86c	89.17 ± 2.00a	88.57 ± 0.36a	0.94	2.06
K	6639.98 ± 164.33b	5956.14 ± 129.68c	6866.46 ± 154.17a	6774.92 ± 23.04a	53.21	115.95
Zn	49.61 ± 1.14b	37.88 ± 0.30c	52.34 ± 1.10a	51.66 ± 0.42a	0.68	1.49
Ni	22.59 ± 0.49a	19.55 ± 0.46b	22.73 ± 0.69a	22.64 ± 0.46a	0.26	0.57
B	143.88 ± 4.15a	137.19 ± 2.05b	147.05 ± 2.50a	145.26 ± 4.44a	1.96	4.29
Na	225.55 ± 4.12	224.48 ± 5.34	226.66 ± 5.55	226.51 ± 2.62	3.01	NS
Ag	275.08 ± 1.94	284.09 ± 5.79	286.72 ± 0.39	285.21 ± 0.38	4.72	NS
Ba	8.33 ± 0.10	8.38 ± 0.14	8.51 ± 0.17	8.41 ± 0.18	0.09	NS
Bi	8.15 ± 0.06b	7.23 ± 0.10c	9.28 ± 0.01a	8.39 ± 0.07b	0.14	0.30
Co	1.50 ± 0.036b	1.53 ± 0.024b	1.67 ± 0.03a	1.55 ± 0.01b	0.02	0.05
Ga	116.01 ± 1.57ab	109.12 ± 0.29c	113.07 ± 2.76b	119.16 ± 1.21a	165.64	360.90
In	16.56 ± 0.15c	16.32 ± 0.04c	18.95 ± 0.14b	22.84 ± 0.60a	0.33	0.73
Sr	287.34 ± 1.86	278.95 ± 6.64	291.42 ± 0.99	293.21 ± 5.78	5.18	NS

∗ NS: Non-significant.

∗∗(E₁ – Maceration Extraction; E₂ – Soxhlet Extraction; E₃ – Ultrasound Assisted Extraction; E₄ - Microwave Assisted Extraction).