Table 2.
Determination methods and results of luteolin.
| Method | Object | Condition |
Outcome |
References | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile phase/buffer | Temperature(°C) | Scan wavelength | Time | Linear range/concentration range | Limit of detection (LOD) | Correlation coefficient | Recovery | Reproducibility (RSD) | |||
| TLC | Artemisia rupestris L. | Chloroform: methanol: formic acid: water = 6.35:0.63:0.17:0.07 | 28–32 | 250、352 nm | – | 0.0172–0.0976 μg | – | 0.9934 | 99.9 % | – | [169] |
| Hygrophila spinosa T.Anders | Toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid = 6:4:1 | – | 349 nm | – | 40–280 ng/mL | 2.36 ng | 0.998 | 99.48–100.82 % | – | [170] | |
| HPLC | Aster tataricus | 0.1 % formic acid acetonitrile solution and water velocity of flow:0.3 mL/min | 40 | – | – | – | – | >0.9970 | 97.32–102.0 % | – | [171] |
| Propolis | Phosphate-buffered saline(pH = 4.5)and methanol(40/60, v/v) velocity of flow:0.8 mL/min | 25 | 260 nm | 50 min | – | 0.06 mg/mL | >0.9977 | 95.71–104.26 % | 1.58 % (n = 5) | [172] | |
| Vernonia amygdalina Del. | 2 % formic acid acetonitrile solution and water | 25 | – | – | – | 0.5 μg/mL | 0.998 | 2–10 % | [173] | ||
| Honeys | Formic acid solution(pH = 2.8) and acetonitrile velocity of flow:0.2 mL/min | – | – | – | – | 0.5 ng/mL | – | 95.2 % | >5 % | [174] | |
| UPLC | Compositae Species | Water with acetonitrile and 0.1 % formic acid velocity of flow:0.44 mL/min | 45 | 254、280、360 nm | 14 min | – | 0.26 μg/mL | 0.999 | 95.49 ± 0.23 % | 146–2.23 % | [175] |
| RP-HPLC | abnormal savda munziq decoction | 0.3 % formic acid in water and 0.3 % methanol formic acid velocity of flow:1.0 mL/min | 25、30、35 | 290 nm | 97.678 min | 0.2300–1.3800 μg | 0.022 μg /mL |
0.9991 | 99.39–104.85 % | 00.66 % | [171] |
| CE | Red Wine Samples |
40 mM borate pH = 8.9 voltage:26 kV |
18–25 | 215、280、320 nm | 15 min | – | 0.16 μM | >0.999 | 98.1 % | 0.358 % | [176] |
| Flos Chrysanthemi and Flos Chrysanthemi Indici | 20 mmol/LSodium borate-50 mmol/LSodium phosphate pH = 9.6 voltage:15 kV |
30 | 330 nm | 30 min | – | – | – | 95.1–110.7 % | – | [177] | |
| Herbs | 20 mmol/L borax buffer and 10 % methanol pH = 10.0 voltage:23 kV |
23 | 210 nm | 30 s | – | 1.05 μg/mL | – | 97.29–104.88 % | – | [178] | |
| ED | Peanut shells | Graphene quantum dots (GQDs)、Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) | – | – | – | 1 × 10−8-1 × 10−5 M | 1.0 nm | 0.997 | 98.8–101.4 % | 0.94–1.27 % | [179] |
| Peanut shells | Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) | – | – | 20 min | 2.4 × 10−3-1.75 μmol/L | 5.0 × 10−10 mol/L | 0.9964 | – | 7.3 % | [180] | |
| Luteolin | β-Cyclodextrin(β-CD), Indium tin oxide (ITO) pH = 6.0 | – | – | – | 5.0 × 10−8 mol/L-3.0 × 10−5 mol/L | 2.4 × 10−8 mol/L | 0.9981 | 96.0–105.2 % | 5.1 % | [181,182] | |