Table 5.
Comparison of the inhibition zone of different antibiotics alone and inhibition zone of different antibiotics with silver and selenium nanoparticles on P. aeuroginosa
| Mode of action | Percentage of antibiotic resistance (%) | Inhibition zone (mean ± SD) mm | Increased fold (%) with AgNPs | Inhibition zone (mean ± SD) mm | Increased fold (%) with SeNPs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | B | ||||
| Antibiotic alone | Antibiotic + AgNPs | (B − A) ⁄ A) × 100 | Antibiotic + SeNPs | (B − A) ⁄ A) × 100 | ||
| Cell wall inhibition | Piperacillin 86.96% | 9.49 ± 6.79 | 17.35 ± 6.11 | 182 | 16.91 ± 5.22 | 78 |
| Pipertazobactam 47.83% | 14.26 ± 8.75 | 20.70 ± 4.48 | 45 | 20.22 ± 5.10 | 41.7 | |
| Ceftazidime 82.61% | 5.61 ± 7.26 | 14.09 ± 8.03 | 150 | 15.48 ± 4.60 | 175 | |
| Colistin 34.78% | 11.17 ± 6.50 | 18.65 ± 3.52 | 66.9 | 19.65 ± 4.11 | 75.9 | |
| Impenem 21.74% | 19.26 ± 6.71 | 23.48 ± 5.39 | 21.9 | 16.30 ± 7.11 | − 15.3 | |
| Aztreonam 91.30% | 7.70 ± 6.58 | 16.96 ± 6.87 | 120 | 14.57 ± 6.95 | 89.2 | |
| Meropenem 47.83% | 13.30 ± 11.24 | 21.78 ± 8.66 | 63.7 | 22.39 ± 7.03 | 68.3 | |
| Protein inhibition | Gentamycin 21.74% | 11.5 ± 5.37 | 18.04 ± 4.49 | 48 | 20.13 ± 6.28 | 49 |
| DNA inhibition | Ciprofloxacin 52.17% | 12.57 ± 9.38 | 21.13 ± 6.21 | 67.8 | 22.35 ± 7.23 | 77.8 |