Appendix Table 2.

Heterogeneity in the Association between PES and the Perceived Stress Scale and C-Reactive Protein, Waves 4 (2008–2009) and 5 (2016–2018) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.

	β for interaction (95 % CI)^1,2
	Gender	Education	NH-White³	NH-Black³	Hispanic³
Wave 4
Perceived stress scale (N = 11,510)	−0.01 (−0.08, 0.06)	−0.02 (−0.15, 0.10)	0.09 (−0.08, 0.26)	0.07 (−0.14,0.27)	0.22 (−0.00, 0.44)
C-reactive Protein⁴ (N = 10,343)	0.12 (−0.13, 0.36)	−0.01 (−0.30, 0.28)	−0.04 (−0.36, 0.29)	−0.02 (−0.45, 0.41)	0.24 (−0.39, 0.87)
Wave 5
C-reactive Protein⁴(N = 3452)	0.24 (−0.31, 0.79)	−0.63 (−1.65, 0.39)	0.99 (0.11, 1.87)^*	0.46 (−0.50, 1.43)	0.65 (−0.39, 1.67)

CI = confidence interval; NH = non-Hispanic; PES = precarious employment score.

Estimated using linear regression models with an interaction term (e.g., PESxgender). Models additionally control for gender, race/ethnicity, age, educational attainment, nativity, and marital status, as appropriate. Regression estimates incorporate the IPCWs and the Add Health survey weights and sample design parameters, to account for clustered sampling, attrition, and oversampling.

The PES is composed of 8 indicators, mapped to 5 dimensions: material rewards; working time arrangements; employment stability; workers’ rights and social protections; and interpersonal relations. Dimensions were summed, with the score ranging from 0 (least precarious) to 5 (most precarious).

Estimates by race/ethnicity are not statistically difference from each other. Smaller sample sizes prohibit the inclusion of NH-other.

⁴

CRP values are winsorized at the 99th percentile.

P < 0.05.