Table 1.

Biological function of PSPs

Enzyme	Type of cell	Function	Ref.
PP1	Various tumor cells	Cell cycle, proliferation	59, 188
	Epithelial cell	Cytoskeleton regulation, cell adhesion	189
	Various tumor cells	Signal transduction	9
	Various tumor cells	DNA damage repair	190
	Ovary cell	Cell stress response	191
	Breast cancer	EMT, invasion	192
	Cholangiocarcinoma	Chemosensitivity	7
PP2A	Cervical carcinoma	Cell cycle, proliferation	10, 63
	Cardiomyocyte	Cell differentiation	64
	Melanocytic cells	senescence	193
	Cervical carcinoma	DNA damage repair	65
	Various tumor cells	Oxidative stress	194
	Gastric cancer	Signal transduction	10
	Colon cancer	Metastasis	195
Calcineurin	T cell	Cell differentiation and maturation	47
	Keratinocyte	Signal transduction	196
	Endothelial cell	Proliferation	197
PP4	Various cells	Cell cycle, DNA damage repair, cell differentiation	75
PP5	Various cells	Cell cycle and growth, DNA damage repair, signal transduction, tumor growth and metastasis	74
PP6	Various cells	Cell cycle and growth, DNA damage repair, signal transduction, cell differentiation, tumor formation and progression	73
PPM1A	Various cells	Cell migration, proliferation, signal transduction	33
PPM1B	Various cells	Necroptosis, senescence, systemic inflammatory response	33
PPM1D	Various cells	Cell cycle regulation, metabolism, cell differentiation, tumor progression	33