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. 2025 Jan 1;15(3):1017–1034. doi: 10.7150/thno.102671

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(A) Supercritical anti-solvent process was employed to produce carrier-free nanoICG withenhanced imaging properties and anti-photobleaching capacity. (B) Superstable homogeneous intermixed formulation technology (SHIFT) wasemployed to produce SHIFT&nanoICG for theranostics. (C) Preoperative transcatheterarterial embolization (TAE) adjuvant therapy with SHIFT&nanoICG as the embolic agent. (D) Thepatient received a precise laparoscopic hepatectomy under real-time fuorescence after TAE. DSA, digital subtraction angiography; SC-CO2, supercritical carbon dioxide. Reproduced with permission from ¹³⁵, copyright 2022, BioMed Central.