Table 2.

Adhesive hydrogels for ocular posterior segment applications.

Application	Adherent tissue	Materials	Adhesion mechanism	Clinical research process	Ref.
Cataract	Cornea	Pluronic® F127	Hydrogen bonds, cohesion	Approved	125
	Anterior chamber	GenNLC, F127, F68	Hydrogen bonds, cohesion	Pre-clinic	128
Glaucoma	Cornea	PPI	Hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds	Pre-clinic	138
	Cornea	Thermosensitive elastin, silk elastin-like recombinants	Cohesion	Pre-clinic	139
	Cornea, conjunctiva	PAMAM, PLGA	Covalent bonds	Pre-clinic	140
	sclera	AOAQ, DMAA	Crosslinked structure, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds	Pre-clinic	142
	Suprachoroidal space	HA-SH, PEGDA	Covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, crosslinked structure	Pre-clinic	143
Vitreoretinopathy	Retina	PDA, GelCA, Cur	π-π stacking, hydrogen bonds	Pre-clinic	147
	Vitreous humor	PNaAMPS, PDMAAm	Hydrogen bonds, mechanical interlocking	Pre-clinic	148
	Retina	CS, Odex	Covalent bonds (Schiff base)	Pre-clinic	153
	Retina	Gel, HA, PDA	Wet adhesive	Pre-clinic	157
	Retina	Fibrin glue	Mechanical interlocking, ionic bonds	Pre-clinic	163
	Retina	PEG	/	Approved	[164.165]
	Retina	HA	Hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, mechanical interlocking	Approved	166
Open eye trauma	Cornea, conjunctiva, sclera	N-isopropylacrylamide, butyl acrylate	Mechanical interlocking, diffusion, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds	Pre-clinic	171
	Cornea	PEG, CV	Hydrogen bonds, mechanical interlocking	Pre-clinic	172
	Cornea	PDA	Cohesion, covalent bonds	Pre-clinic	173