TABLE 5.
Stratified survival analysis of UTUC with DM patients.
| Stratification | OS | CSS | BRFS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aHR (95% CI) | p | aHR (95% CI) | p | aHR (95% CI) | p | |
| Pathological T stage | ||||||
| ≥ T2 | 0.698 (0.500–0.975) | 0.035* | 0.676 (0.439–1.040) | 0.075 | 1.158 (0.835–1.607) | 0.379 |
| < T2 | 0.449 (0.278–0.722) | 0.001* | 0.432 (0.152–1.227) | 0.115 | 0.772 (0.524–1.138) | 0.192 |
| Metastasis | ||||||
| No | 0.630 (0.444–0.894) | 0.010* | 0.813 (0.356–1.852) | 0.621 | 1.080 (0.814–1.433) | 0.595 |
| Yes | 0.537 (0.348–0.827) | 0.005* | 0.578 (0.368–0.907) | 0.017* | 0.756 (0.456–1.254) | 0.279 |
| Grade | ||||||
| High grade | 0.566 (0.421–0.760) | < 0.001* | 0.608 (0.404–0.913) | 0.017* | 0.959 (0.730–1.26) | 0.765 |
| Low grade | 0.693 (0.306–1.568) | 0.378 | 1.525 (0.094–24.618) | 0.766 | 1.192 (0.615–2.311) | 0.603 |
| LVI | ||||||
| LVI | 0.483 (0.281–0.829) | 0.008* | 0.555 (0.280–1.101) | 0.092 | 0.728 (0.419–1.265) | 0.260 |
| Non‐LVI | 0.677 (0.495–0.926) | 0.015* | 0.695 (0.429–1.127) | 0.140 | 1.056 (0.799–1.396) | 0.702 |
Note: Compare Kaplan–Meier curves between patients with and without metformin by log‐rank test. Adjusted age, Metastasis, pT, and LVI.
Abbreviations: BRFS, bladder recurrence‐free survival; CI, confidence interval; CSS, cancer‐specific survival; HR, hazard ratio; LVI, Lymphovascular invasion; OS, overall survival.
*
p < 0.05.