Table 1:
Demographic and clinical characteristics of all adults (≥16 years old) with splenic injuries based on splenic injury management
| No Intervention | Total Splenectomy | Splenorrhaphy | Failed Splenorrhaphy | Total | p-value | Missing Values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=151,627 (79.9%) | N=34,553 (18.2%) | N=3,405 (1.8%) | N=138 (0.1%) | N=189,723 | |||
| Age (years) | 40.5 (18.8) | 42.4 (18.1) | 35.4 (15.7) | 41.2 (18.9) | 40.8 (18.7) | <0.001 | 2,526 (1.3%) |
| Sex | <0.001 | 590 (0.3%) | |||||
| Male | 100,355 (66.4%) | 24,534 (71.2%) | 2,652 (78.3%) | 111 (80.4%) | 127,652 (67.5%) | ||
| Female | 50,807 (33.6%) | 9,913 (28.8%) | 734 (21.7%) | 27 (19.6%) | 61,481 (32.5%) | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | <0.001 | 0 (0%) | |||||
| White Non-Hispanic | 109,302 (72.1%) | 23,620 (68.4%) | 1,537 (45.1%) | 74 (53.6%) | 134,533 (70.9%) | ||
| White Hispanic | 15,630 (10.3%) | 3,409 (9.9%) | 724 (21.3%) | 24 (17.4%) | 19,787 (10.4%) | ||
| Black | 14,532 (9.6%) | 4,912 (14.2%) | 818 (24.0%) | 29 (21.0%) | 20,291 (10.7%) | ||
| Asian | 2,336 (1.5%) | 439 (1.3%) | 56 (1.6%) | 3 (2.2%) | 2,834 (1.5%) | ||
| Pacific Islander | 315 (0.2%) | 64 (0.2%) | 10 (0.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 389 (0.2%) | ||
| American Indian | 881 (0.6%) | 144 (0.4%) | 29 (0.9%) | 1 (0.7%) | 1,055 (0.6%) | ||
| Other | 8,631 (5.7%) | 1,965 (5.7%) | 231 (6.8%) | 7 (5.1%) | 10,834 (5.7%) | ||
| Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0.2 (0.7) | 0.2 (0.7) | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.2 (0.6) | 0.2 (0.7) | <0.001 | 0 (0%) |
| Mechanism of Injury | <0.001 | 0 (0%) | |||||
| Blunt | 145,369 (95.9%) | 28,514 (82.5%) | 1,533 (45.0%) | 82 (59.4%) | 175,498 (92.5%) | ||
| Penetrating | 6,258 (4.1%) | 6,039 (17.5%) | 1,872 (55.0%) | 56 (40.6%) | 14,225 (7.5%) | ||
| Arrival Vital Signs | 3,804 (2.0%) | ||||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 128.4 (25.0) | 114.9 (27.9) | 124.5 (27.2) | 115.8 (34.4) | 125.9 (26.1) | <0.001 | 4,075 (2.1%) |
| Pulse Rate (bpm) | 93.2 (21.0) | 100.0 (24.5) | 98.4 (22.7) | 101.8 (23.3) | 94.5 (21.9) | <0.001 | 28,088 (14.8%) |
| Temperature (*C) | 36.5 (1.8) | 36.2 (2.1) | 36.3 (2.3) | 36.2 (1.0) | 36.4 (1.9) | <0.001 | 5,683 (3.0%) |
| RR (bpm*) | 19.9 (5.4) | 21.3 (6.5) | 21.3 (6.2) | 22.0 (6.4) | 20.2 (5.7) | <0.001 | 37,119 (19.6%) |
| Pulse Oximetry (%O2) | 96.8 (6.6) | 96.5 (7.2) | 96.7 (9.5) | 97.5 (3.8) | 96.8 (6.8) | <0.001 | 5,290 (2.8%) |
| Shock Index | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.8 (0.5) | <0.001 | 7,801 (4.1%) |
| Total Initial GCS | 14.7 (0.9) | 14.5 (1.1) | 14.7 (1.0) | 14.5 (1.2) | 14.7 (1.0) | <0.001 | 4,569 (2.4%) |
| ISS | 17.8 (10.2) | 26.0 (12.2) | 18.7 (10.6) | 26.8 (12.7) | 19.3 (11.1) | <0.001 | 571 (0.3%) |
| Spleen AIS | 2.7 (0.9) | 3.8 (1.1) | 2.6 (0.9) | 3.1 (1.1) | 2.9 (1.1) | <0.001 | 0 (0%) |
| Total AIS Systems Injured | 3.4 (1.7) | 3.3 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.6) | 3.5 (1.7) | 3.4 (1.7) | <0.001 | 7,801 (4.1%) |
| Trauma Center Level | <0.001 | 67,711 (35.7%) | |||||
| Level I Trauma Center | 63,529 (65.1%) | 14,660 (66.7%) | 1,510 (65.7%) | 69 (75.8%) | 79,768 (65.4%) | ||
| Level II Trauma Center | 30,138 (30.9%) | 6,646 (30.2%) | 744 (32.4%) | 22 (24.2%) | 37,550 (30.8%) | ||
| Level III Trauma Center | 3,983 (4.1%) | 666 (3.0%) | 45 (2.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4,694 (3.8%) | ||
| ED Disposition | <0.001 | 5,128 (2.7%) | |||||
| Non-ICU Admission | 50,950 (34.6%) | 1,855 (5.5%) | 179 (5.3%) | 2 (1.5%) | 52,986 (28.7%) | ||
| ICU Admission | 71,731 (48.7%) | 6,084 (17.9%) | 377 (11.3%) | 15 (11.0%) | 78,207 (42.4%) | ||
| Operating Room | 18,837 (12.8%) | 25,943 (76.4%) | 2,788 (83.2%) | 119 (87.5%) | 47,687 (25.8%) | ||
| Home | 993 (0.7%) | 21 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1,016 (0.6%) | ||
| Deceased | 663 (0.5%) | 19 (0.1%) | 1 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 683 (0.4%) | ||
| Transfer to Hospital/Other | 3,975 (2.7%) | 38 (0.1%) | 3 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4,016 (2.2%) | ||
| Hospital Discharge Disposition | <0.001 | 9,785 (5.2%) | |||||
| Home | 109,635 (76.7%) | 22,114 (66.0%) | 2,586 (78.0%) | 75 (55.1%) | 134,410 (74.7%) | ||
| Inpatient Rehab | 10,771 (7.5%) | 3,064 (9.1%) | 226 (6.8%) | 14 (10.3%) | 14,075 (7.8%) | ||
| Nursing Facility | 8,345 (5.8%) | 2,049 (6.1%) | 129 (3.9%) | 9 (6.6%) | 10,532 (5.9%) | ||
| Short/Intermediate Long-Term Care Facility | 8,710 (6.1%) | 2,765 (8.3%) | 207 (6.2%) | 16 (11.8%) | 11,698 (6.5%) | ||
| Hospice | 342 (0.2%) | 87 (0.3%) | 8 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 437 (0.2%) | ||
| Deceased | 3,754 (2.6%) | 2,841 (8.5%) | 90 (2.7%) | 14 (10.3%) | 6,699 (3.7%) | ||
| Mental Health Facility/Jail | 1,423 (1.0%) | 586 (1.7%) | 70 (2.1%) | 8 (5.9%) | 2,087 (1.2%) | ||
| ICU LOS (days) | 5.2 (7.0) | 8.4 (10.5) | 7.2 (9.3) | 13.2 (14.9) | 6.0 (8.1) | <0.001 | 67,468 (35.6%) |
| Hospital LOS (days) | 8.1 (9.8) | 14.0 (14.8) | 12.2 (11.9) | 21.7 (18.8) | 9.3 (11.1) | <0.001 | 1,203 (0.6%) |
| In-Hospital Mortality | 4,387 (2.9%) | 2,859 (8.3%) | 91 (2.7%) | 14 (10.1%) | 7,351 (3.9%) | <0.001 | 0 (0%) |
Data presented as mean (SD) or n (%)
Abbreviations: SBP: Systolic blood pressure; bpm: beats per minute; RR: Respiratory rate; bpm*:breaths per minute; GCS: Glasgow coma scale; ISS: Injury severity score; AIS: Abbreviated Injury Scale; LOS: Length of stay