Table 5.

Drosophila model of traumatic brain injury.

DROSOPHILA MODEL	STAGE OF NEUROPATHOLOGICAL ASSESMENT	ASSAY EMPLOYED FOR NEUROPATHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT	KEY ACHIEVEMENTS	REFERENCES
Injury caused by the High-Impact Trauma device	Adult	Assessment of lifespan and histological staining to quantify vacuoles	Demonstrated the effects of traumatic brain injury on lifespan and brain morphology, providing a model for studying TBI outcomes	[176]
Stab injury inflicted on the brain through the right eye	Adult	Measurement of lifespan, climbing assay and mobility assay	Showed the impact of direct brain injury on motor function and survival, offering a model for assessing brain injury responses	[177]