Table 4.

Key differences between different security models.

Characteristic	Big data model	Traditional rule-based Model	SVM	Collaborative defense model	CNN	Hybrid security model
Model type	Based on big data (ML)	Based on rule	Supervised learning	External threat sharing	DL	Integrating multiple models
Data processing	Multiple types of data (structured and unstructured)	Main structured data	Structured data	External intelligence and logs	Image, video, and other data	Multiple data types
Threat detection methods	Big Data Analysis and ML	Rule-driven detection	Based on ML classification	Combining external with internal testing	Pattern recognition	Integration of multiple methods
Scalability	High, supporting distributed	Restricted by rules	Secondary	Medium, dependent on collaboration	High	High
Adaptability	High, supports real-time learning	Poor adaptability	Secondary	secondary	High	High
Real-time processing capability	Supporting real-time analysis and alerts	More restrictions	More restrictions	High latency	Strong	Strong
Privacy protection	Data sensitization	Many privacy issues	Limited privacy protection	Shared data risk	Support privacy protection	Privacy protection needs attention