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. 2025 Jan 6;11:2. doi: 10.1038/s41405-024-00284-7

Table 7.

Cohen’s Kappa value and 95% CI between readings of examiner 1 & examiner 2.

Method Kappa Value 95% CI
Visual-tactile method (FDI criteria) 0.8585 0.8116 - 0.9054
Light-induced fluorescence intraoral camera (VistaCam iX) 0.9927 0.9786 - 1.0000
Laser-induced fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent pen) 0.9920 0.9811 - 1.0000