| Selected disorder | Validation of tools | Pooled prevalence (%) | 95%CI (%) | I2 (%) | p subgroup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTSD | Validated Not validated* |
11.31 53.77 |
6.99–17.80 48.15–59.30 |
98.5 – |
< 0.0001 |
| Depression | Validated Not validated |
13.56 65.58 |
9.04–19.85 0.00–100.00 |
99.0 99.3 |
0.11 |
| ADHD | Validated Not validated |
6.53 7.07 |
4.35–9.69 3.21–14.86 |
98.5 52.9 |
0.76 |
| Anxiety |
Validated Not validated* |
11.44 20.59 |
6.89–18.40 18.32–23.07 |
98.1 – |
0.01 |
| Conduct disorder | Validated Not validated* |
9.79 9.26 |
4.57–19.72 7.69–11.11 |
97.9 – |
0.87 |
Note: Significant differences were observed between studies, including validated compared to non-validated tools for PTSD and anxiety. In both cases, studies using non-validated tools were disproportionately less and had a higher reported pooled prevalence than those using validated tools.
*
n = 1