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. 2024 Dec 19;17(1):evae274. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evae274

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Model of convergent evolution in limbless reptiles: snakes and the worm lizard. The phylogenetic tree shows relationships of lepidosaurs investigated in this study and divergence times (Ma) (Kumar et al. 2022) of the corresponding lineages. In both the worm lizard and snakes, limbs and claws have been lost. Xs on the branches indicate the loss of at least two genes of the following groups: type I claw keratins (orthologs of mammalian hair keratin KRT36), type II claw keratins (orthologs of mammalian hair keratin KRT84), and EDC genes (EDYM1 and EDCC). Species: worm lizard (R. floridana), wall lizard (P. muralis), snake (T. elegans), anole lizard (A. carolinensis), gecko (G. japonicus), and tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus).