Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the DD and TD
| Variable | DD (N=81) | TD (N=119) | t or χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mon) | 58.3±8.8 | 52.3±8.5 | 4.84 | <0.001 |
| Sex, male | 58 (71.6) | 69 (58.0) | 3.86 | 0.049 |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| Autism spectrum disorder | 61 (75.3) | - | ||
| Intellectual disability | 63 (77.8) | - | ||
| Language disorder | 12 (14.8) | - | ||
| K-VABS-II ABCS | 57.9±14.5 | 92.6±12.9 | -17.72 | <0.001 |
| PEP-R DQ* | 48.7±28.7 | 107.6±11.9 | -17.46 | <0.001 |
| PRES RLQ† | 58.3±20.2 | 105.3±14.7 | -14.26 | <0.001 |
| PRES ELQ‡ | 58.6±19.6 | 105.3±14.7 | -13.95 | <0.001 |
| SRS Tot§ | 67.8±15.8 | 45.8±8.5 | 11.30 | <0.001 |
| K-CARS | 30.1±8.1 | 16.2±2.2 | 15.13 | <0.001 |
| CBCL TP§ | 57.9±9.2 | 45.2±8.5 | 9.98 | <0.001 |
| ABC Tot§ | 28.4±19.6 | 4.8±5.9 | 10.38 | <0.001 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
DD group (N=81), TD group (N=118);
DD group (N=45), TD group (N=118);
DD group (N=41), TD group (N=118);
DD group (N=79), TD group (N=117).
DD, developmental disabilities; TD, typical development; -, not available; K-VABS-II, Korean version of Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition; ABCS, Adaptive Behavior Composite Score; PEP-R, Psychoeducational Profile-Revised; DQ, Developmental Quotient; PRES, Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale; RLQ, Receptive Language Quotient; ELQ, Expressive Language Quotient; SRS, Social Responsiveness Scale; Tot, Total score; K-CARS, Korean version of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale; CBCL, Child Behavior Checklist; TP, Total Problems; ABC, Aberrant Behavior Checklist