Table 4.

Simple logistic regression for the factors associated with barriers to cervical cancer screening among study participants

Socio-demographics	Having an emotional barrier			Having a practical barrier			Having a cognitive barrier
	COR	CI	p	COR	CI	p	COR	CI	p
Age (years)	1.02	0.98–1.05	0.266	1.03	0.99–1.07	0.054	0.967	0.941–0.995	0.021*
Marital status
Single (ref)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Married	1.21	0.61–2.41	0.570	0.97	0.48–1.96	0.944	0.89	0.53–1.52	0.693
Divorced/widow	0.36	0.04–2.98	0.350	1.73	0.50–5.96	0.380	1.00	0.33-3.00	0.997
Women education Level
Primary (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Secondary	1.45	0.53-4.00	0.464	2.07	0.64–6.66	0.219	0.54	0.24–1.22	0.142
Tertiary	1.68	0.66–4.27	0.270	2.61	0.88–7.75	0.083	0.44	0.21–0.92	0.030
Women’s income Level (MYR)
< 2000	3.00	0.32–27.76	0.333	0.50	0.09–2.76	0.427	0.900	0.232–3.493	0.879
2000–4500(ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Women occupation Status
Employed (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Unemployed	0.32	0.12–0.83	0.020*	0.90	0.26–3.12	0.872	2.25	1.03–4.89	0.040*
Others (still studying, retired, others)	0.83	0.38–1.79	0.638	3.18	1.07–9.40	0.036*	0.63	0.33–1.23	0.185
No. of children
≥3 (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
<3	1.05	0.54–2.02	0.876	0.83	0.43–1.60	0.581	1.08	0.64–1.83	0.758
Husband Education Level
Primary (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Secondary	1.02	0.38–2.72	0.955	0.67	0.20–2.23	0.516	1.66	0.63–4.38	0.303
Tertiary	0.69	0.28–1.67	0.412	0.80	0.29–2.13	0.656	1.17	0.52–2.62	0.691
Husband income Level (MYR)
< 2000	0.70	0.22–2.18	0.539	0.60	0.17–2.14	0.435	1.66	0.64–4.24	0.290
2000–4500	0.28	0.06–1.31	0.108	0.80	0.20–3.15	0.756	2.23	0.75–6.62	0.147
> 4500 (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Husband occupation Status
Employed (ref.)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1		1
Unemployed	1.33	0.59-3.00	0.480	1.43	0.61–3.33	0.402	0.64	0.32–1.28	0.217
Others (still studying, retired, others)	0.79	0.28–2.21	0.658	1.47	0.57–3.74	0.417	0.89	0.40–1.95	0.779

*Significant at p < 0.05

Note: History of Cancer was not included as the number of participants in the “yes” group is 4 which distorts the results