Table 3.

Paired comparison results of two-way repeated-measures ANCOVA between groups

Variables	Adjusted Mean (SD)		t Value	P Value	Cohen’s d
Before intervention
KFA (deg)	Experimental	Placebo	0.747	0.764	0.430
	13.30 (1.73)	12.55 (1.75)	0.747	0.764	0.430
	Experimental	Control	−0.635	0.792	0.374
	13.30 (1.73)	13.94 (1.67)	−0.635	0.792	0.374
	Placebo	Control	−1.382	0.574	0.810
	12.55 (1.75)	13.94 (1.67)	−1.382	0.574	0.810
KEM (Nm/kg·m)	Experimental	Placebo	0.035	0.460	0.031
	0.22 (0.03)	0.19 (0.03)	0.035	0.460	0.031
	Experimental	Control	0.021	0.652	0.019
	0.22 (0.03)	0.20 (0.03)	0.021	0.652	0.019
	Placebo	Control	−0.014	0.757	0.431
	0.19 (0.03)	0.20 (0.03)	−0.014	0.757	0.431
vGRF (BW)	Experimental	Placebo	0.019	0.496	0.947
	1.09 (0.02)	1.07 (0.02)	0.019	0.496	0.947
	Experimental	Control	0.021	0.435	1.081
	1.09 (0.02)	1.07 (0.02)	0.021	0.435	1.081
	Placebo	Control	0.002	0.938	0.108
	1.07 (0.02)	1.07 (0.02)	0.002	0.938	0.108
After intervention
KFA (deg)	Experimental	Placebo	−0.595	0.810	0.344
	13.88 (1.72)	14.48 (1.74)	−0.595	0.810	0.344
	Experimental	Control	2.648	0.274	1.575
	13.88 (1.72)	11.23 (1.66)	2.648	0.274	1.575
	Placebo	Control	3.243	0.189	1.916
	14.48 (1.74)	11.23 (1.66)	3.243	0.189	1.916
KEM (Nm/kg·m)	Experimental	Placebo	0.019	0.706	0.529
	0.26 (0.03)	0.24 (0.03)	0.019	0.706	0.529
	Experimental	Control	0.066	0.172	1.970
	0.26 (0.03)	0.19 (0.03)	0.066	0.172	1.970
	Placebo	Control	0.047	0.331	1.433
	0.24 (0.03)	0.19 (0.03)	0.047	0.331	1.433
vGRF (BW)	Experimental	Placebo	0.034	0.353	1.360
	1.15 (0.03)	1.11 (0.03)	0.034	0.353	1.360
	Experimental	Control	0.042	0.237	1.714
	1.15 (0.03)	1.10 (0.02)	0.042	0.237	1.714
	Placebo	Control	0.008	0.822	0.326
	1.11 (0.03)	1.10 (0.02)	0.008	0.822	0.326

KFA: knee flexion angle, KEM: knee extension moment, vGRF: vertical ground reaction force