Summary of findings 5. Summary of findings table ‐ Text message‐based interventions compared to no/minimal support for nicotine vaping cessation in young people (13 to 24 years).
| Text message‐based interventions compared to no/minimal support for nicotine vaping cessation in young people (13 to 24 years) | ||||||
| Patient or population: nicotine vaping cessation in young people (13 to 24 years) Setting: any (USA) Intervention: text message‐based interventions Comparison: no/minimal support | ||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Risk with no/minimal support | Risk with text message‐based interventions | |||||
| Vaping cessation at 6 months or longer follow‐up: 7 months | 22 per 100 | 29 per 100 (26 to 32) | RR 1.32 (1.19 to 1.47) | 4091 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowa,b | |
| Change in combustible tobacco use at 6 months or longer ‐ not reported | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | No studies reported this outcome. |
| Number of participants reporting SAEs follow‐up: 3 months | Not pooled | Not pooled | Not pooled | 508 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowc | We did not calculate relative or absolute effects as there were no events across study arms. |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||||
| See interactive version of this table: https://gdt.gradepro.org/presentations/#/isof/isof_question_revman_web_451185315991890681. | ||||||
a Not downgraded due to risk of bias; one of the two studies was unpublished at the time of writing and was judged to be at unclear risk of bias due to insufficient data with which to judge some domains. The other study was judged at low risk across all domains assessed, and there was no evidence of a difference between study results. b Downgraded two levels due to indirectness: the two contributing studies tested the same intervention in a relatively homogenous population. Unclear if the effects can be generalised to other text message‐based interventions and other populations c Downgraded two levels due to imprecision. No events were recorded across study arms.