Figure 10:

Macrophage morphology obtained by C5a stimulation is inhibited with simvastatin and restored with C15AlkOPP. Confocal imaging experiments using RAW 264.7 cells stained with phalloidin. (A) Cells stimulated with C5a after treatment with vehicle; (B) Cells stimulated with C5a after treatment with statin; (C) Cells stimulated with C5a after treatment with statin and C15AlkOPP (200 μM). (D) Cells stimulated with C5a after treatment with statin and C15hAlkOPP (200 μM). Quantitative image analysis of confocal images including polarization (cell aspect ratio) and filopodia (number) as a function of C15AlkOPP concentration. Cells were treated with lovastatin (except for the sample indicated by - where vehicle was used) along with different isoprenoids at the concentrations indicated for 24 h followed by stimulation with C5a. (E) Cell polarization in the presence of C15AlkOPP; (F) Number of filopodia observed in the presence of C15AlkOPP. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the group differences with one independent variable and more than two experimental groups. Statistical confidence in the difference between a given sample and the untreated control sample (no statin, no isoprenoid) is indicated by (*).