Table 1.
Participant Characteristics
| Age 60-70 y at Study Visit (n = 328a) |
Premenopausal RRSO (n = 498a) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Premenopausal RRSO, Age ≤45 y (n = 207) |
Postmenopausal RRSO, Age ≥54 y (n = 121) |
P Value | Early Premenopausal RRSO, Age ≤41 y (n = 159) |
Late Premenopausal RRSO, Age 41-45 y (n = 339) |
P Value | |
| Age at study visit, y | 62.4 (61.0-64.4) | 67.2 (65.6-68.5) | <0.001 | 58.8 (57.2-61.6) | 59.0 (57.8-62.3) | 0.033 |
| Time since RRSO, y | 21.0 (18.3-23.3) | 10.7 (9.6-11.9) | <0.001 | 20.9 (19.1-23.3) | 16.6 (14.3-19.5) | <0.001 |
| Age at menopause, y | 42.0 (40.0-44.0) | 51.0 (50.0-54.0) | <0.001 | 39.0 (37.0-40.0) | 43.0 (42.0-44.0) | <0.001 |
| BRCA GPV carrier status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| BRCA1 | 106 (51.2) | 36 (29.8) | 96 (60.4) | 144 (42.5) | ||
| BRCA2 | 37 (17.9) | 44 (36.4) | 23 (14.5) | 73 (21.5) | ||
| Noncarrier | 64 (30.9) | 41 (33.9) | 40 (25.2) | 122 (36.0) | ||
| MHT use | 61 (29.5) | 8 (6.6) | <0.001 | 74 (46.5) | 68 (20.1) | <0.001 |
| Breast cancer history | 126 (60.9) | 71 (58.7) | 0.70 | 81 (50.9) | 217 (64.0) | 0.006 |
| Chemotherapy | 90 (43.5) | 45 (37.2) | 0.26 | 57 (37.1) | 170 (50.2) | 0.006 |
| IMC radiotherapy | 18 (8.7) | 3 (2.5) | 0.024 | 11 (6.9) | 31 (9.1) | 0.47 |
| Endocrine therapy | 41 (19.8) | 26 (21.5) | 0.72 | 19 (12.0) | 97 (28.6) | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 0.16 | 0.77 | ||||
| Current smoker | 18 (8.7) | 6 (5.0) | 15 (9.4) | 34 (10.0) | ||
| Former smoker | 108 (52.2) | 56 (46.3) | 62 (39.0) | 142 (41.9) | ||
| Never | 81 (39.1) | 59 (48.8) | 82 (51.6) | 163 (48.1) | ||
| Alcohol >2 drinks daily | 100 (48.3) | 60 (49.6) | 0.82 | 81 (50.9) | 187 (55.2) | 0.38 |
| Family member with MIb | 71 (34.3) | 40 (33.1) | 0.84 | 42 (26.4) | 117 (34.5) | 0.068 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.1 (22.7-28.8) | 25.3 (23.2-28.7) | 0.97 | 24.5 (22.5-29.1) | 25.5 (22.8-29.0) | 0.31 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 135.8 (17.6) | 143.7 (15.9) | <0.001 | 132.7 (17.4) | 134.1 (17.2) | 0.40 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 77.5 (12.1) | 81.0 (11.5) | 0.011 | 76.4 (11.5) | 77.7 (12.3) | 0.24 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.4) | 0.72 | 5.6 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.0) | 0.61 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.3 (1.0) | 3.4 (1.2) | 0.47 | 3.3 (0.9) | 3.3 (0.9) | 0.99 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.8 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.6) | 0.70 | 1.7 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.4) | 0.93 |
| Antihypertensive medication | 57 (27.5) | 22.3% | 0.30 | 32 (20.1) | 65 (19.2) | 0.80 |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 37 (17.9) | 23 (19.0) | 0.80 | 18 (11.3) | 41 (12.1) | 0.80 |
| Diabetes mellitus, any type | 20 (9.7) | 10 (8.3) | 0.66 | 9 (5.7) | 25 (7.4) | 0.47 |
| Hypertensionc | 110 (53.1) | 79 (65.3) | 0.031 | 66 (41.5) | 155 (45.7) | 0.38 |
| Dyslipidemiad | 81 (39.1) | 59 (48.8) | 0.090 | 61 (38.4) | 120 (35.4) | 0.52 |
| MESA 10-y CHD riske | 2.6 (1.6-6.6) | 3.8 (1.9-7.4) | 0.036 | 2.1 (1.3-4.7) | 2.2 (1.5-4.9) | 0.26 |
| CAC score | 1 (0-74) | 13 (0-136) | 0.088 | 0 (0-28) | 0 (0-39) | 0.26 |
| CAC >0 | 107 (51.7) | 71 (58.7) | 0.22 | 65 (40.9) | 155 (45.7) | 0.31 |
| CAC >100 | 40 (19.3) | 32 (26.5) | 0.13 | 17 (10.7) | 54 (15.9) | 0.12 |
| CAC >400 | 11 (5.3) | 16 (13.2) | 0.015 | 6 (3.8) | 16 (4.7) | 0.63 |
| MESA score | 57 (0-80) | 58 (0-80) | 0.65 | 0 (0-77) | 0 (0-81) | 0.30 |
| MESA >75% | 65 (31.4) | 34 (28.1) | 0.53 | 46 (28.9) | 103 (30.4) | 0.74 |
Values are median (Q1-Q3), n (%). Values that are mean ± SD have their respective measure units described directly after the variable (eg, total cholesterol, mmol/L). The variables are: BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. The P value was calculated using independent samples t test, chi-square test, and Wilcoxon rank sum test.
BMI = body mass index; GPV = pathogenic variant; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; IMC = internal mammary chain; MHT = menopausal hormone therapy; RRSO = risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy.
See Figure 1.
Myocardial infarction (MI) first- or second-degree family member before the age of 65 years.
Hypertension defined as either the use of antihypertensive medication, a systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg, or a diastolic blood pressure >90 mm Hg.
Dyslipidemia defined as either the use of lipid lowering medication or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol >4.0 mmol/L.
MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) estimated 10-year risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) event, including coronary artery calcium (CAC) score.