Table 1.

Exercise and Nutrition to Improve Treatment-Related Outcomes hypothesized mechanisms by which exercise (and nutrition) may influence relative dose intensity

	Primary hypothesized mechanism	Secondary hypothesized mechanism	Harmonized mechanistic data
Adaptive Randomization of Aerobic Exercise during Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer	Exercise-induced reductions in fat mass and preservation of lean mass improve the pharmacokinetic properties of chemotherapy	Exercise-induced changes in neutrophil counts, phenotypes, and functions will decrease the probability of developing neutropenia	Anthropometric circumferences, patient-reported symptoms, and nutrition status assessment
Tele-exercise during chemotherapy Trial	Reduce systemic reactive oxygen species, improve hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation and neutrophil apoptosis, and improve hematological profile (eg, neutrophil count, hemoglobin)	N/A	Body composition, patient-reported symptoms
Trial of Exercise And Lifestyle	Patient-reported chemotoxicities (neuropathy, arthralgia, cognition, depression, gastrointestinal symptoms), muscle mass, and nutritional status	Inflammation, fatigue, sleep, physical function, improved white cell function	N/A
TeleHealth Resistance exercise Intervention to preserve dose intensity and Vitality in Elder Breast Cancer Patients	Preservation of muscle mass, patient reported symptoms nutritional status (protein)	Modifiable elements of the Geriatric Assessment (eg, functional status, depressive symptoms, symptoms of distress)	Patient-reported symptoms