Table 2.
Virulence factors-based comparison of forty avian mycoplasma strains
| Avian mycoplasmas Species / Strain | Membrane-associated proteins | Nucleases | Proteases | MIB-MIP | NEAC | Metabolic pathways | Oxydative stress | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytadhesins | Total number | SNc | Total number | CysP | ||||||||||||||
| gapA | crmA | crmB | crmC | licD | nanH | nanA | lpd | glp | osmC | ohr | ||||||||
| F | K | O | ||||||||||||||||
| Ma / 1340 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 25 | - | 16 | - | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - |
| Ma / NCTC10156 | - | - | - | - | 2 | 25 | - | 16 | - | 2/1 | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - |
| Mco / NCTC10179 | - | - | - | - | - | 27 | - | 14 | - | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| Mgc / B2096 8B | - | - | - | - | - | 8 | - | 7 | - | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mgc / NCTC10183 | - | - | - | - | - | 23 | - | 13 | - | 1/2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ms / 53 | - | - | - | - | - | 18 | - | 14 | 1 | 4/2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ms / WVU 1853T | - | - | - | - | - | 23 | - | 9 | 1 | 4/2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ms / MS-H (Chicken) | - | - | - | - | - | 23 | - | 13 | 1 | 4/1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ms / MS-H (Vaccine) | - | - | - | - | - | 23 | - | 13 | 1 | 4/1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mgn / Mgn_IPT | - | - | - | - | 2 | 22 | - | 15 | 1 | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mci / NCTC10178 | - | - | - | - | - | 25 | - | 14 | - | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mci / SF7 | - | - | - | - | - | 17 | - | 10 | - | 1/1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mm / ATCC 25294 (17529) | - | - | - | - | - | 22 | - | 11 | 1 | 1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mm / MM_26B8_IPT | - | - | - | - | - | 21 | - | 12 | 1 | 1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mm / NCTC10153 | - | - | - | - | - | 24 | - | 11 | 1 | 1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mm / IZSVE/2944/9/2011 | - | - | - | - | - | 16 | - | 13 | 1 | 1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mio / 695 | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | - | 15 | - | -a | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mio / NCTC10185 | - | - | - | - | - | 22 | - | 18 | - | -a | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mio / DK-CPA | - | - | - | - | - | 14 | - | 14 | - | -a | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Mi / ATCC 51306 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 18 | 1 | 15 | - | 3/2 | - | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / Field strain Rlow | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 22 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 2/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / Field strain Rhigh | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 22 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 5/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / Field strain F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 21 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 5/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / S6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 24 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / VA94_7994-1-7P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / NC95_13295-2-2P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / NC96_1596-4-2P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / NY01_2001.047–5-1P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 18 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / WI01_2001.043–13-2P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / NC06_2006.080–5-2P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 16 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 |
| MG / CA06_2006.052–5-2P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 3/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / NC08_2008.031–4-3P | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 16 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6356 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/3b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6372 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 4/3b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K5322C | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 15 | 1 | 4/3b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6112B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/3b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K2966 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 19 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/3b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6222B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 20 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6216D | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 20 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| MG / K6208B | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 20 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 4/4b | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Underlined strains are those sequenced by our team. The absence of virulence genes is signaled by the minus sign (-)
gapA cytadhesin protein GapA domain protein, crm cytadherence-related molecule, licD lipopolysaccharide diphosphonucleoside choline transferase, SNc staphylococcal nuclease (MGA_0676), CysP Cysteine protease (MGA_1153), MIB-MIP Mycoplasma Immunoglobulin Binding—Mycoplasma Immunoglobulin Protease, nanH neuraminidase, nanA N-acetylneuraminate lyase, lpd dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, glp glycerol permease, osmC osmotically inducible protein C (OsmC)-likeprotein, ohr organic hydroperoxide reductase
Ma Mycoplasma anatis, Mco Mycoplasma columborale, Mgc Mycoplasma gallinaceum, Ms Mycoplasma synoviae, Mgn Mycoplasma gallinarum, Mci Mycoplasma columbinum, Mm Mycoplasma meleagridis, Mio Mycoplasma iowae, Mi Mycoplasma imitans, MG Mycoplasma gallisepticum
a In M. iowae, the MIB-MIP system was not found but the MIB-related protein M was identified
b In M. gallisepticum, several copies of the MIB-MIP system were predicted as well as one copy of the gene encoding protein M