Table 2.
Diagnostic performance of KED on ECG among the southeastern population of the United States
| Type | AUC | Sensitivity | Specificity | LR+ | LR− |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AFIB | |||||
| ZS | 0.933 (0.889–0.960) | 0.696 (0.588–0.821) | 0.991 (0.978–0.997) | 112.304 (33.75–222.573) | 0.307 (0.183–0.427) |
| FT | 0.932 (0.888–0.964) | 0.655 (0.530–0.810) | 0.988 (0.970–0.998) | 95.024 (26.103–315.549) | 0.348 (0.211–0.494) |
| AFL | |||||
| ZS | 0.965 (0.951–0.979) | 0.556 (0.261–0.839) | 0.982 (0.956–1.000) | 71.341 (0.0–265.54) | 0.449 (0.178–0.75) |
| FT | 0.958 (0.941–0.975) | 0.560 (0.250–0.960) | 0.980 (0.932–1.000) | 50.370 (0.000–139.154) | 0.445 (0.054–0.759) |
| IAVB | |||||
| ZS | 0.930 (0.909–0.950) | 0.632 (0.516–0.828) | 0.963 (0.920–0.984) | 20.809 (9.677–35.007) | 0.381 (0.187–0.498) |
| FT | 0.969 (0.961–0.978) | 0.743 (0.551–0.953) | 0.962 (0.922–0.991) | 27.693 (11.101–62.236) | 0.264 (0.061–0.457) |
| IRBBB | |||||
| ZS | 0.943 (0.920–0.965) | 0.666 (0.375–0.833) | 0.964 (0.932–0.997) | 31.436 (11.442–113.462) | 0.344 (0.179–0.639) |
| FT | 0.954 (0.936–0.972) | 0.786 (0.643–0.923) | 0.961 (0.947–0.983) | 21.756 (15.625–37.800) | 0.222 (0.086–0.367) |
| LAD | |||||
| ZS | 0.931 (0.917–0.946) | 0.796 (0.704–0.879) | 0.909 (0.878–0.947) | 9.136 (6.684–13.029) | 0.224 (0.147–0.332) |
| FT | 0.932 (0.917–0.946) | 0.744 (0.595–0.872) | 0.921 (0.864–0.961) | 10.532 (6.343–16.677) | 0.276 (0.146–0.432) |
| LAFB | |||||
| ZS | 0.949 (0.932–0.962) | 0.867 (0.731–1.000) | 0.934 (0.907–0.953) | 13.758 (9.536–18.105) | 0.142 (0.033–0.324) |
| FT | 0.963 (0.951–0.975) | 0.771 (0.435–0.970) | 0.954 (0.912–0.993) | 23.629 (10.969–67.444) | 0.237 (0.035–0.602) |
| LBBB | |||||
| ZS | 0.990 (0.983–0.996) | 0.730 (0.536–0.933) | 0.992 (0.979–0.999) | 189.601 (41.25–692.0) | 0.271 (0.07–0.477) |
| FT | 0.992 (0.985–0.996) | 0.793 (0.577–0.964) | 0.992 (0.982–0.999) | 166.579 (45.600–695.769) | 0.208 (0.041–0.429) |
| LQRSV | |||||
| ZS | 0.849 (0.813–0.885) | 0.661 (0.365–0.898) | 0.863 (0.774–0.960) | 6.036 (3.631–11.041) | 0.379 (0.13–0.669) |
| FT | 0.903 (0.881–0.929) | 0.527 (0.327–0.804) | 0.952 (0.866–0.989) | 15.748 (5.943–34.460) | 0.492 (0.248–0.692) |
| LQT | |||||
| ZS | 0.817 (0.788–0.850) | 0.578 (0.259–0.852) | 0.848 (0.655–0.979) | 5.157 (2.501–12.522) | 0.481 (0.215–0.757) |
| FT | 0.855 (0.824–0.885) | 0.621 (0.432–0.812) | 0.891 (0.764–0.957) | 6.418 (3.659–10.592) | 0.421 (0.256–0.606) |
| NSIVCB | |||||
| ZS | 0.880 (0.837–0.928) | 0.711 (0.474–0.900) | 0.906 (0.877–0.951) | 8.471 (5.683–14.168) | 0.314 (0.124–0.575) |
| FT | 0.847 (0.780–0.912) | 0.587 (0.333–0.850) | 0.939 (0.921–0.984) | 12.606 (6.652–25.292) | 0.434 (0.165–0.695) |
| SR | |||||
| ZS | 0.860 (0.839–0.880) | 0.769 (0.667–0.905) | 0.800 (0.699–0.868) | 4.105 (2.88–5.405) | 0.281 (0.142–0.396) |
| FT | 0.895 (0.880–0.915) | 0.743 (0.606–0.881) | 0.861 (0.774–0.937) | 6.497 (3.749–9.814) | 0.292 (0.165–0.439) |
| PAC | |||||
| ZS | 0.920 (0.892–0.951) | 0.686 (0.585–0.79) | 0.982 (0.967–0.992) | 45.365 (23.143–82.333) | 0.319 (0.221–0.425) |
| FT | 0.919 (0.889–0.949) | 0.678 (0.578–0.802) | 0.971 (0.944–0.986) | 27.734 (13.635–44.170) | 0.331 (0.214–0.431) |
| QAb∗ | |||||
| ZS∗ | 0.774 (0.737–0.821)∗ | 0.583 (0.094–0.89)∗ | 0.799 (0.580–0.999)∗ | 10.728 (2.081–61.833)∗ | 0.491 (0.192–0.912)∗ |
| FT∗ | 0.820 (0.791–0.860)∗ | 0.592 (0.176–0.862)∗ | 0.846 (0.687–0.993)∗ | 7.031 (2.609–23.609)∗ | 0.463 (0.208–0.834)∗ |
| RBBB | |||||
| ZS | 0.980 (0.961–0.993) | 0.916 (0.857–0.963) | 0.984 (0.978–0.991) | 62.112 (40.452–98.171) | 0.086 (0.038–0.148) |
| FT | 0.985 (0.973–0.994) | 0.887 (0.810–0.946) | 0.987 (0.980–0.994) | 78.236 (45.340–129.782) | 0.114 (0.057–0.207) |
| SA | |||||
| ZS | 0.929 (0.903–0.955) | 0.495 (0.373–0.68) | 0.988 (0.956–0.996) | 61.062 (15.427–124.1) | 0.51 (0.351–0.647) |
| FT | 0.953 (0.929–0.972) | 0.710 (0.549–0.833) | 0.986 (0.973–0.996) | 63.331 (27.534–139.167) | 0.294 (0.176–0.457) |
| SB | |||||
| ZS | 0.991 (0.986–0.995) | 0.965 (0.916–0.991) | 0.98 (0.97–0.993) | 56.019 (32.454–131.215) | 0.036 (0.009–0.086) |
| FT | 0.992 (0.988–0.996) | 0.956 (0.926–0.981) | 0.983 (0.974–0.990) | 61.403 (36.966–96.426) | 0.045 (0.020–0.076) |
| ST | |||||
| ZS | 0.990 (0.985–0.994) | 0.933 (0.894–0.965) | 0.982 (0.974–0.991) | 57.667 (36.661–101.333) | 0.068 (0.036–0.116) |
| FT | 0.992 (0.988–0.995) | 0.917 (0.879–0.946) | 0.990 (0.984–0.995) | 105.344 (58.762–196.589) | 0.084 (0.055–0.125) |
| TAb | |||||
| ZS | 0.866 (0.846–0.886) | 0.747 (0.667–0.83) | 0.848 (0.803–0.905) | 5.059 (4.122–6.888) | 0.297 (0.212–0.385) |
| FT | 0.878 (0.861–0.894) | 0.728 (0.633–0.837) | 0.874 (0.811–0.930) | 6.285 (4.305–8.950) | 0.308 (0.200–0.397) |
| TInv∗ | |||||
| ZS∗ | 0.700 (0.659–0.743)∗ | 0.494 (0.356–0.685)∗ | 0.812 (0.723–0.895)∗ | 2.877 (2.092–4.326)∗ | 0.615 (0.438–0.744)∗ |
| FT∗ | 0.707 (0.664–0.745)∗ | 0.637 (0.545–0.735)∗ | 0.731 (0.667–0.776)∗ | 2.426 (1.990–2.893)∗ | 0.494 (0.374–0.612)∗ |
| VPC | |||||
| ZS | 0.809 (0.758–0.865) | 0.436 (0.262–0.583) | 0.971 (0.958–0.995) | 18.987 (10.516–42.583) | 0.58 (0.44–0.775) |
| FT | 0.843 (0.791–0.899) | 0.455 (0.356–0.587) | 0.983 (0.974–0.994) | 33.819 (15.576–67.234) | 0.554 (0.431–0.658) |
| Avg. | |||||
| ZS | 0.900 | 0.696 | 0.925 | 39.601 | 0.329 |
| FT | 0.914 | 0.705 | 0.938 | 41.123 | 0.316 |