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Relation of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA prevalence in blood or sputum versus plasma nicotine metabolite levels among 73 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nicotine metabolites of < 25 μg/L indicate no recent exposure to smoking. For nicotine metabolites = 25 μg/L, odds ratio = 2.1 (95% CI: 0.8, 5.7, P = 0.13) for detection of C. pneumoniae DNA (SPSS).
