Table 1.
Demographics and clinical measures.
| Statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Patients (N = 105) | Healthy controls (N = 123) | p | |
| Sex (male/female) | 63/42 | 71/52 | χ2(1) = 0.121 | 0.728 |
| Age (years) | 23.11 (5.56) | 23.57 (4.92) | t(226) = 0.655 | 0.511 |
| Educationa | 12.97 (2.34) | 15.52 (2.29) | t(172) = 7.231 | <0.001 |
| Race/Ethnicityb | – | – | χ2 (4) = 36.01 | <0.001 |
| Black | 60 | 26 | – | – |
| Asian | 3 | 22 | – | – |
| White | 38 | 65 | – | – |
| Hispanic/Latino | 2 | 6 | – | – |
| Other | 2 | 2 | – | – |
| Parental occupationc | 5.51 (4.88) | 4.58 (4.03) | χ2(1) = 21.121 | 0.174 |
| Diagnosis, % | – | – | – | – |
| Schizophrenia | 45.7 | – | – | – |
| Bipolar disorder with psychosis | 3.8 | – | – | – |
| Schizophreniform disorder | 6.7 | – | – | – |
| Psychosis NOS | 19 | – | – | – |
| Brief psychotic disorder | 3.8 | – | – | – |
| MDD with psychosis | 1.9 | – | – | – |
| Schizoaffective disorder | 19 | – | – | – |
| Smoking, PPDd | 0.21 (0.36) | 0.01 (0.06) | t(108.146) = −5.677 | <0.001 |
| Cannabis Use, % | 55.2 | 1.62 | t(115.488) = −10.704 | <0.001 |
| Duration of untreated psychosis | 21.39 (36.11) | – | – | – |
| BPRS total symptoms | 47.46 (11.60) | – | – | – |
| BPRS positive symptoms | 10.37 (3.32) | – | – | – |
| BPRS negative symptoms | 5.42 (3.03) | – | – | – |
Values are Mean(SD), unless indicated otherwise.
BPRS Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, MDD with psychosis, major depressive disorder with psychosis, NOS not otherwise specified, PPD packs per day.
aData missing for 27 patients and 27 healthy controls.
bPost hoc examination of adjusted residuals indicated more Black individuals in the FEP group, more Asian and White individuals in the HC group, and no significant between-group differences for the Latino/Hispanic or Other categories.
cRanks determined from Diagnostic interview for Genetic Studies (1–18 scale); Lower numerical value (higher rank) corresponds to higher socioeconomic status; Data missing for 5 patients and 3 healthy controls.
dData missing for 1 patient and 2 healthy controls.